Research references on the implementation of the 2003 Convention

Disseminate research for all stakeholders
© UNESCO

The 2003 Convention Research Bibliography provides an interactive bibliography of research references related to the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and its implementation.

Based on work initiated in 2012, this project is hosted by UNESCO and led by an editorial group of independent researchers, with the support of volunteer researchers.

It intends to foster better communication among researchers working in the field of intangible cultural heritage and enhance dissemination of ICH-related research for all stakeholders involved in the implementation of the 2003 Convention (States Parties, communities, practitioners, civil society, UNESCO Secretariat and others).

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  • López López, J. D. D. & García Castano, J. F. (2011) Tradición, conflicto y valores en la fiesta: El patrimonio inmaterial desde un enfoque intercultural. IN Actas del I Congreso Internacional sobre Migraciones en Andalucía, . 1893–1901.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      López López, J. D. D. & García Castano, J. F. (2011) Tradición, conflicto y valores en la fiesta: El patrimonio inmaterial desde un enfoque intercultural. IN Actas del I Congreso Internacional sobre Migraciones en Andalucía, . 1893–1901.

    • Bibliographic data:

      vu
      Author López López, Juan De Dios AND García Castano, F. Javier
      Editor(s) {Instituto de Migraciones}
      ISSN 978-84-921390-3-3
      Journal Actas del I Congreso Internacional sobre Migraciones en Andalucía
      Language Spanish
      Pages 1893--1901
      Title Tradición, conflicto y valores en la fiesta: El patrimonio inmaterial desde un enfoque intercultural
      Year 2011
    • Abstract:

      El texto comienza situando el origen de la cuestión del patrimonio inmaterial en los discursos del folklore decimonónico, señalando sus paralelismos y subrayando cómo ha ido evolucionando el concepto. En segundo lugar, examinamos cómo han sido observados los rituales festivos desde la óptica del patrimonio y, mediante la comparación de determinados casos etnográficos concretos, nos detenemos en tres operaciones básicas por las cuáles determinadas fiestas pueden pasar a formar parte del acervo patrimonial: la producción de consenso, la vinculación con la tradición y la atribución de valores colectivos. Finalmente, reflexionamos acerca de cuáles pueden ser las contribuciones de una “antropología de la interculturalidad” al concepto de patrimonio inmaterial, y apostamos por la convergencia entre los estudios interculturales y los estudios sobre patrimonio.

    • Themes:

      Social conflicts

    • Public URL:

      http://migraciones.ugr.es/congreso2011/libroacta/Mesa17/012_Lopez.pdf

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Lopez-guzman, T. & González Santa-cruz, F. (2016) International tourism and the UNESCO category of intangible cultural heritage. IN International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 10. 310–322.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Lopez-guzman, T. & González Santa-cruz, F. (2016) International tourism and the UNESCO category of intangible cultural heritage. IN International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 10. 310–322.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Title International tourism and the UNESCO category of intangible cultural heritage
      Journal International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research
      Year 2016
      Volume 10
      Number 3
      Pages 310-322
      month August
      ISSN 1750-6182
      Language English
      Author Lopez-guzman, Tomas AND González Santa-cruz, Francisco
    • Abstract:

      Purpose The development of heritage tourism has experienced a great development in recent years, mostly centred in the cities that are World Heritage. This paper aims to present an analysis of the relationship between Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) declared by UNESCO and tourism development associated therewith. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used in this research consisted of a fieldwork to determine the socio-demographic profile and perceptions of foreign tourists participating in this intangible cultural event. Additionally, the features of this tourist destination are also analysed. Findings The main results of this research shows the high cultural level of tourist respondents, the significant economic level of travellers and the perceptions of heritage tourists in participation in the Festival. Research limitations/implications The expansion of this line of research is to include other ICH; this should contribute to the generalisation of the knowledge acquired in this subject. Practical implications The main practical implications are centred on better understanding of the key factors involved in the relation between intangible cultural heritage and tourism. Social implications This study highlights the features that a heritage tourist destination must have to create a sustainable tourism destination with a combination of culture and tourism. Originality/value Heritage, generally tangible cultural heritage, is used as a resource in the destinations. This paper analyses the relationship between intangible cultural heritage and tourism, an aspect little studied by the scientific literature. Keywords Acknowledgements The authors of this paper wish to thank the Córdoba Local Tourist Board of the City of Córdoba, Spain, for their support in conducting this research. Citation Lopez-Guzman, T. and Gonzalez Santa-Cruz, F. (2016), "International tourism and the UNESCO category of intangible cultural heritage", International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, Vol. 10 No. 3, pp. 310-322. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-03-2015-0025 Download as .RIS Publisher:

    • Themes:

      Economic and social development, Tourism, references illustrating linkages between SDGs and ICH, SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities, SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

    • Country:

      Spain

    • Suggested by:

      Meglena Zlatkova (2020-04-11)

    • Public URL:

      https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-03-2015-0025

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Lorenzetti, E. & Mariotti, L. (2011). Patrimonio culturale materiale e immateriale: verso un modello integrato Ipotesi progettuale per il distretto tecnologico dei beni culturali (rapporto tecnico No. 38). Istituto di Ricerca sulla Crescita Economica Sostenibile.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Lorenzetti, E. & Mariotti, L. (2011). Patrimonio culturale materiale e immateriale: verso un modello integrato Ipotesi progettuale per il distretto tecnologico dei beni culturali (rapporto tecnico No. 38). Istituto di Ricerca sulla Crescita Economica Sostenibile.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Lorenzetti, Edoardo and Mariotti, Luciana
      Istituto di Ricerca sulla Crescita Economica Sostenibile
      Language Italian
      Number 38
      Pages 16
      Title Patrimonio culturale materiale e immateriale: verso un modello integrato Ipotesi progettuale per il distretto tecnologico dei beni culturali
      type rapporto tecnico
      Year 2011
    • Abstract:

      The relationship between intangible culture and tangible cultural heritage is so close that it is impossible to separate. It includes monuments and sites, which constitute the primary objectives of the UNESCO activity, as well as historical centers and urban spaces, is so close that it is impossible to separate. The project proposal concerns knowledge of the cultural intangible heritage with in the site identified in a sample of those entered in the World Heritage List, in the Italian regions (Sicily, Puglia and Campania) included in Technological District of the Cultural Heritage, especially with reference to the historical urban spaces, included in the site or in its buffer zone.

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Lorenzetti, E. & Paparello, A. (2010) Rapporto Tecnico N. 35 Ottobre 2010.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Lorenzetti, E. & Paparello, A. (2010) Rapporto Tecnico N. 35 Ottobre 2010.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Lorenzetti, E. and Paparello, A.
      Language Italian
      Title Rapporto Tecnico N. 35 Ottobre 2010
      Year 2010

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Lotz, M. (2002) Colliding Worlds: Indigenous Rights, Traditional Knowledge, and Plant Intellectual Property. IN Business & Professional Ethics Journal, 21. 71–94.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Lotz, M. (2002) Colliding Worlds: Indigenous Rights, Traditional Knowledge, and Plant Intellectual Property. IN Business & Professional Ethics Journal, 21. 71–94.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Lotz, Marianne
      ISSN 02772027
      Journal Business & Professional Ethics Journal
      Language English
      month #oct#
      Note ArticleType: research-article / Issue Title: Selected Papers from the 2001 Conference of the Australian Association for Professional and Applied Ethics / Full publication date: Fall-Winter 2002 / Copyright © 2002 Philosophy Documentation Center
      Number 3/4
      Pages 71--94
      Title Colliding Worlds: Indigenous Rights, Traditional Knowledge, and Plant Intellectual Property
      Volume 21
      Year 2002
    • Abstract:

      In this paper I suggest a number of reasons for concluding that Australia's existing Plant Intellectual Property system (henceforth "PIP system") is incompatible with the provision of adequate protection of ownership of indigenous peoples' traditional plant knowledge.

    • Themes:

      Environment, Indigenous peoples, Intellectual property

    • Country:

      Australia

    • Public URL:

      http://www.jstor.org/stable/27801290

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Loulanski, T. (2006) Revising the concept for cultural heritage: the argument for a functional approach. IN International Journal of Cultural Property, 13. 207.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Loulanski, T. (2006) Revising the concept for cultural heritage: the argument for a functional approach. IN International Journal of Cultural Property, 13. 207.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Loulanski, Tolina
      ISSN 0940-7391
      Journal International Journal of Cultural Property
      Language English
      Number 2
      Pages 207
      Title Revising the concept for cultural heritage: the argument for a functional approach
      Volume 13
      Year 2006
    • Abstract:

      This article presents a more human, dynamic, and holistic perspective of cultural heritage, closely referring to the currently observed changes in its conceptual development. It argues that the conceptual focus of cultural heritage has shifted alongside three interrelated and complementary directions: 1) from monuments to people; 2) from objects to functions; and thus 3) from preservation per se to purposeful preservation, sustainable use, and development. The reappearing and alive functional heritage is discussed as opposed to the objectified, glass-covered, and frozen heritage of the past by referring to both practical and theoretical heritage domains. Conclusions are drawn in favor of an adequate reexamination and readaptation of the conceptual framework of cultural heritage, based on accepting its new functional socioeconomic dimension and integrating multiple perspectives from a variety of academic fields.

    • Themes:

      Sustainable development

    • Public URL:

      https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231887932_Revising_the_Concept_for_Cultural_Heritage_The_Argument_for_a_Functional_Approach

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Lowe, T. (2013) Cultural Heritage as a Tool for Development and Diplomacy: Examining Further Uses of UNESCO’s Intangible Heritage-Based Socioeconomic Development Programs for Women. Master's Dissertation.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Lowe, T. (2013) Cultural Heritage as a Tool for Development and Diplomacy: Examining Further Uses of UNESCO’s Intangible Heritage-Based Socioeconomic Development Programs for Women. Master's Dissertation.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Lowe, Tiffany
      Title Cultural Heritage as a Tool for Development and Diplomacy: Examining Further Uses of UNESCO’s Intangible Heritage-Based Socioeconomic Development Programs for Women
      Graduate School-New Brunswick
      Year 2013
      month October
      Language English
    • Abstract:

      This thesis will examine UNESCO trend on policies and conventions that focus on and affect the creation of intangible heritage-based women’s socioeconomic development programs. Following this line of inquiry, the thesis will next examine in detail intangible heritage policies and conventions, and the execution and implementation of preservation policies and treaties. The research will then specifically detail and analyze development projects that were initiated by UNESCO as case studies of how heritage based development policies operate and succeed. The conclusion of this paper will propose how the combination of intangible heritage preservation and women’s development projects can be used to further international cultural diplomatic efforts and relations. This can be achieved by the creation of bilateral treaties between nations and through the application of these culturally focused women’s development programs, including post-conflict recovery opportunities.

    • Themes:

      Cultural diplomacy, Economic and social development, Gender issues, SDG 5: Gender Equality, references illustrating linkages between SDGs and ICH

    • Suggested by:

      Simone Toji (2019-10-18)

    • Public URL:

      https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e3a9/2721d03ccb03e554737b84e4da95eea1ff85.pdf

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Lowthorp, L. (2015) Voices on the Ground: Kutiyattam, UNESCO, and the Heritage of Humanity. IN Journal of Folklore Research, 52.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Lowthorp, L. (2015) Voices on the Ground: Kutiyattam, UNESCO, and the Heritage of Humanity. IN Journal of Folklore Research, 52.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Lowthorp, Leah
      Title Voices on the Ground: Kutiyattam, UNESCO, and the Heritage of Humanity
      Journal Journal of Folklore Research
      Year 2015
      Volume 52
      Number 2-3
      Language English
    • Country:

      India

    • Related to one or more inscribed elements:

      Kutiyattam, Sanskrit theatre

    • Suggested by:

      Lisa Gilman (2019-11-08)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Lu, T. L. D. (2009) Heritage Conservation in Post?colonial Hong Kong. IN International Journal of Heritage Studies, 15. 258–272.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Lu, T. L. D. (2009) Heritage Conservation in Post?colonial Hong Kong. IN International Journal of Heritage Studies, 15. 258–272.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Lu, Tracey L. D.
      ISSN 1352-7258
      Journal International Journal of Heritage Studies
      Language English
      Number 2-3
      Pages 258--272
      Title Heritage Conservation in Post?colonial Hong Kong
      Volume 15
      Year 2009
    • Abstract:

      Hong Kong is a small territory located at a strategic position in South China, with very limited land and other natural resources. When it became a British Colony, the city was intended as a military fort and an economic centre. However, since the change of sovereignty in 1997, heritage conservation has become one of the most popular issues. The current concern for local heritage has been primarily raised by the local community, including residents and non‐government organisations. This paper discusses the economic, social, political and environmental impetus of this unprecedented popularity of heritage conservation in contemporary Hong Kong, and argues that heritage conservation has become an implement for various parties in post‐colonial Hong Kong to present themselves in the discourse of urban renewal and development, and to defend and negotiate their interests. This dynamic process also has significant impacts on the conservation of heritage properties in Hong Kong.

    • Themes:

      Economic and social development, Urban development

    • Country:

      China

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Lucas Martín, J. D. (2005) Los derechos humanos en las políticas de la gestión de la diversidad. IN PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Lucas Martín, J. D. (2005) Los derechos humanos en las políticas de la gestión de la diversidad. IN PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Lucas Martín, Javier De
      Editor(s) {Junta de Andalucía} and {Consejería de Cultura.} and {Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico}
      ISSN 84-8266-567-7
      Journal PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad
      Language Spanish
      Number 17
      Title Los derechos humanos en las políticas de la gestión de la diversidad
      Year 2005
    • Themes:

      Human rights

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Lutz, S. & Koch, G. 2017. Sustainability, Sustainable Development, and Culture: Diverging Concepts and Practices in European Heritage Work.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Lutz, S. & Koch, G. 2017. Sustainability, Sustainable Development, and Culture: Diverging Concepts and Practices in European Heritage Work.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Lutz, Samantha AND Koch, Gertraud
      Title Sustainability, Sustainable Development, and Culture: Diverging Concepts and Practices in European Heritage Work
      Book title Going Beyond Perceptions of Sustainability in Heritage Studies No. 2
      Year 2017
      Editor(s) Albert Marie-Theres, Bandarin Francesco, Pereira Roders Ana
      Pages 71-84
      Publisher Cham : Springer
      Language English
    • Abstract:

      Sustainability is increasingly becoming a key concept of international and local governance approaches and is transferred to the fields of cultural politics and cultural funding alike. However, what the ecological and economic inspired idea of sustainability means remains open in the context of culture. In face of the remaining conceptual ambiguities, it is left to the practical fields of cultural heritage work to spell out such an understanding and approach of sustainable development for the safeguarding of cultural heritage in Europe. These developments and their significance for European memory work, however, have hardly been reflected in scientific research yet. Starting from Brundtland’s understanding of sustainable development, this article will outline the UNESCO guiding principles of sustainability coining local and global strategies of sustainable development in cultural heritage work. It will proceed with examples of urban, intercultural, and digital cultural heritage, demonstrating that there are diverging ideas of how these cultural forms of expression and traditions may be sustained in practice, and reflect how social change may be included into strategies of safeguarding in Europe. Crucial conflict lines in these negotiations about sustainability are whether and how contemporary safeguarding approaches in cultural heritage work reflect the realities of individuals and groups within national heritage regimes in Europe. Regarding the diverging understandings of sustainability in these fields, questions arise to what extent are the modes of safeguarding at stake? How is what we have deemed as worthy for safeguarding so far rendered problematic through new forms of cultural transmission and production today?

    • Themes:

      Economic and social development, Information technology, Migration, Social media, 1972 Convention, 2005 Convention, Rural-urban migration, Surge of new technologies, SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities, Urban development, SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Sustainable development, references illustrating linkages between SDGs and ICH

    • Related to one or more inscribed elements:

      Cante Alentejano, polyphonic singing from Alentejo, southern Portugal

    • Suggested by:

      Caecilia Alexandre (2019-11-18)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ma, Q. (2017) On related issues in nomination/proposal files for lists and register under the 2003 ICH Convention of UNESCO. IN Folklore Studies, 6.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ma, Q. (2017) On related issues in nomination/proposal files for lists and register under the 2003 ICH Convention of UNESCO. IN Folklore Studies, 6.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Ma, Qianli
      Title On related issues in nomination/proposal files for lists and register under the 2003 ICH Convention of UNESCO
      Journal Folklore Studies
      Year 2017
      Volume 6
      ISSN 1002-4360
    • Abstract:

      In the nomination files and relevant documents for lists and register of intangible cultural heritage of UNESCO submitted by Stat parties of 2003 Convention, some common problems have been repeatedly identified. These problems include but are not limited to inappropriate vocabulary especially that related to “authenticity”, protection of children’s rights and animal use. They reflect not only a lack of sufficient understanding on objectives and spirits of UNESCO’s 2003 Convention, but also the fact that UNESCO’s mechanism of ICH lists and register may cause certain inconsistency when facing the extremely complex social and cultural situations and values of different State parties. Therefore, the State parties should try to find a certain balance and compromise between the “common acknowledgment” at the international level and the “self- acknowledgment” at the national or local level.

    • Suggested by:

      Qianli Ma (2019-11-26)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ma, Q. (2017) Representativity, politicization and commercial exploitation tendency: Reflections on mechanism of Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage under UNESCO. IN Cultural Heritage, 6.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ma, Q. (2017) Representativity, politicization and commercial exploitation tendency: Reflections on mechanism of Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage under UNESCO. IN Cultural Heritage, 6.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Ma, Qianli
      Title Representativity, politicization and commercial exploitation tendency: Reflections on mechanism of Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage under UNESCO
      Journal Cultural Heritage
      Year 2017
      Volume 6
      ISSN 1674-0890
    • Abstract:

      Since its first execution in 2008, the mechanism of Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) under UNESCO appears to have several problems. Concentrated on issues such as depoliticization of nomination and commercial exploitation tendency, these problems reflect that the nomination process and its consequences have in fact violated the original idea of UNESCO for establishing the mechanism of lists. The origin of these problems lies in the fact that the paraphrase of “representativity” in this mechanism is always uncertain. The relevant parties of State Parties of Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage could thus utilize this mechanism to realize their political, diplomatic and commercial claims. From the perspective of “depoliticization” and “interest-excluding”, relevant persons responsible of UNESCO and scholars have already conceived certain reorganization of the mechanism by introducing the “Wikipedia” type. For the purpose of feasibility, this dissertation argues that the State Parties submit their ICH inventories to the public network platform of ICH maintained by UNESCO after translating them into French or English if necessary, and update them regularly.

    • Suggested by:

      Qianli Ma (2019-11-26)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ma, Q. (2017) Study on community involvement in intangible cultural heritage inventorying. IN National Arts, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ma, Q. (2017) Study on community involvement in intangible cultural heritage inventorying. IN National Arts, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Ma, Qianli
      Title Study on community involvement in intangible cultural heritage inventorying
      Journal National Arts
      Year 2017
      ISSN 1003-2568
      Language Chinese
    • Themes:

      Community participation, Lists of the 2003 Convention

    • Suggested by:

      Qianli Ma (2019-11-26)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ma, Q. (2017) 代表性、政治化与商业开发导向:关于教科文组织“非遗”名录机制的若干思考. IN 文化遗产, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ma, Q. (2017) 代表性、政治化与商业开发导向:关于教科文组织“非遗”名录机制的若干思考. IN 文化遗产, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Ma, Qianli
      Title 代表性、政治化与商业开发导向:关于教科文组织“非遗”名录机制的若干思考
      Journal 文化遗产
      Year 2017
      Language Chinese
    • Abstract:

      自2008 年开始实施至今,联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产代表作名录机制出现了诸多问题。这些问题以申报中的政治化和商业开发导向为代表,严重违背了教科文组织制定该机制的初衷。实际上,问题的根源在于代表作名录机制下的“代表性”这一关键词在释义上一直处于模糊状态,在很大程度上导致了《保护非物质文化遗产公约》缔约国的国内各方能够利用该机制实现其政治、外交和商业等方面的利益诉求。教科文组织的相关负责人和一些国外学者对此已经从“去政治化”和“去利益化”的思路出发,构想对这一名录机制进行“维基百科”式的改革。然而从可操作性的角度出发,由缔约国将各自国家的非遗清单翻译为法文或英文后提交到教科文组织非遗领域的网络公共平台,并定期更新,则不失为一种有益的思路。

    • Themes:

      2003 Convention governance, Economic and social development, Legislation, Lists of the 2003 Convention, Policy making, Overcommercialization, Rapid economic transformation

    • Suggested by:

      Qianli Ma (2020-06-02)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ma, Q. (2017) 教科文组织非遗项目申报中的若干共性问题On related issues in nomination/proposal files for lists and register under the 2003 ICH Convention of UNESCO. IN 《民俗研究》, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ma, Q. (2017) 教科文组织非遗项目申报中的若干共性问题On related issues in nomination/proposal files for lists and register under the 2003 ICH Convention of UNESCO. IN 《民俗研究》, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Ma, Qianli
      Title 教科文组织非遗项目申报中的若干共性问题On related issues in nomination/proposal files for lists and register under the 2003 ICH Convention of UNESCO
      Journal 《民俗研究》
      Year 2017
      Language Chinese
      Number 136
    • Abstract:

      在历年来各国申报联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产两类名录和一个名册的申报/推荐材料中,重复性地出现了一些具有共性的问题。这些问题包括但远不限于不当用词和“本真性”问题、保护儿童权益的问题及动物使用问题。以上问题一方面反映出部分缔约国对于《保护非物质文化遗产公约》的宗旨和精神认识不足,另一方面也体现出教科文组织在该公约框架下设立的非遗名录和名册机制在面对各申报国极为复杂多样的社会文化状况与价值观时可能会遭遇的“悖论”。申报国需要在国际层面的“公认”和地方或国家层面的“自认”之间谋求平衡与和解。

    • Themes:

      2003 Convention governance, Community participation, Lists of the 2003 Convention, Register of good safeguarding practices

    • Country:

      China

    • Suggested by:

      Qianli Ma (2020-06-02)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ma, Q. (2018) “一带一路”国家非物质文化遗产清单编制策略——以保加利亚社区文化中心为个案Inventory -Making Strategies for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Countries along the“One Belt and One Road”:Taking Bulgarian Chitalishte as a Case Study. IN 《西北民族研究》Northwestern Journal of Ethnology, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ma, Q. (2018) “一带一路”国家非物质文化遗产清单编制策略——以保加利亚社区文化中心为个案Inventory -Making Strategies for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Countries along the“One Belt and One Road”:Taking Bulgarian Chitalishte as a Case Study. IN 《西北民族研究》Northwestern Journal of Ethnology, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Ma, Qianli
      Title “一带一路”国家非物质文化遗产清单编制策略——以保加利亚社区文化中心为个案Inventory -Making Strategies for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Countries along the“One Belt and One Road”:Taking Bulgarian Chitalishte as a Case Study
      Journal 《西北民族研究》Northwestern Journal of Ethnology
      Year 2018
      Language Chinese
      Number 96
    • Abstract:

      联合国教科文组织认为,社区自己创建和管理的社区中心和协会能够在非物质文 化遗产保护,包括非物质文化遗产清单编制中发挥至关重要的作用。本文以加入“一带一路” 倡议的国家保加利亚为个案,围绕“社区文化中心” (Chitalishte)这一由来已久的在地化民间 文化传承机制,分析其在当下发挥自身 “独立”“自我管理”和“志愿主义”的特征与优势;进而讨论这类中心在非遗清单编制中坚持以社区成员为主体的参与原则,而这正体现了 2003 年 公约的宗旨。从长远看,维系相似的文化传承与保护机制的关键在于如何有效整合当地社区的各类资源,并留住和吸引青壮年人口。

    • Themes:

      Inventorying

    • Country:

      China, Bulgaria

    • Suggested by:

      Qianli Ma (2020-06-02)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ma, Q. (2018) “非遗”清单编制与非洲裔巴西人文化权利维护:历史、现实与启示The ICH inventorying and the maintenance of African Brazilians’ cultural rights. IN 《世界民族》World Ethnicities, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ma, Q. (2018) “非遗”清单编制与非洲裔巴西人文化权利维护:历史、现实与启示The ICH inventorying and the maintenance of African Brazilians’ cultural rights. IN 《世界民族》World Ethnicities, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Ma, Qianli
      Title “非遗”清单编制与非洲裔巴西人文化权利维护:历史、现实与启示The ICH inventorying and the maintenance of African Brazilians’ cultural rights
      Journal 《世界民族》World Ethnicities
      Year 2018
      Language Chinese
    • Abstract:

      巴西与非物质文化遗产有关的清单编制政策重点关注了少数族裔和相对 边缘化的群体,具有鲜明的民生导向。从历史上看,这主要是非洲裔巴西人通过民权运动 为本族群的文化传统争取合法地位的结果。但在实施的过程中,由于某些历史和宗教的原因,该政策的民生导向常常遭到作为文化政策执行者的白人中产阶级的抵制。这一政 策的制定与实施反映了巴西社会各阶层和族群的文化管理权的大小乃至其经济、社会与 文化地位,实质上是关于文化管理权的博弈的结果。从长远来看,这一清单编制实践的改善及其保护措施的有效实施尚需各少数族裔在政治、经济和文化等方面的管理权得到进 一步扩展,同时需要国家对非遗保护资金的拨付管理机制进行扁平化改革。

    • Themes:

      Inventorying, Social conflicts

    • Country:

      Brazil

    • Suggested by:

      Qianli Ma (2020-06-02)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ma, Q. (2018) Intangible Cultural Heritage Inventorying and Cultural Rights Preservation of Afro-Brazilians: History, Actualities and Revelations. IN Journal of World Peoples Studies, 1.

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ma, Q. (2018) Inventory -Making Strategies for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Countries along the“One Belt and One Road” : Taking Bulgar- ian Chitalishte as a Case Study. IN Northwestern Journal of Ethnology, 1.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ma, Q. (2018) Inventory -Making Strategies for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Countries along the“One Belt and One Road” : Taking Bulgar- ian Chitalishte as a Case Study. IN Northwestern Journal of Ethnology, 1.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Ma, Qianli
      Title Inventory -Making Strategies for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Countries along the“One Belt and One Road” : Taking Bulgar- ian Chitalishte as a Case Study
      Journal Northwestern Journal of Ethnology
      Year 2018
      Volume 1
      ISSN 1001-5558
      Language Chinese
    • Abstract:

      According to UNESCO,community centers and associations,that are created and managed by communi- ties themselves,can play a vital role in supporting to safeguard intangible cultural heritage(ICH),including the inventory making of ICH. This article chooses Bulgaria,which has accepted the “One Belt and One Road”proposal,as a case study to analyze the role of Bulgarian chitalishte(Community Cultural Centre), a traditional and local mechanism of folk culture transmission. Taking advantage of its characteristics like independence,auto-management and voluntarism,Chitalishte meets the principal of participation of community members as a subject,and well reflects the objectives of the 2003 Convention. From a long-term perspective,the key factor for maintaining similar mechanism of cultural transmission and safeguarding lie s in how to integrate effectively the resources of local community and to keep,and even to attract the young generation.

    • Themes:

      Community participation, Economic and social development, Heritage institutions, Nonformal education, SDG 5: Gender Equality, SDG 15: Life on Land

    • Country:

      Bulgaria

    • Suggested by:

      Qianli Ma (2019-11-26)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Maags, C. & Holbig, H. (2016) Replicating Elite Dominance in Intangible Cultural Heritage Safeguarding: The Role of Local Government–Scholar Networks in China. IN International Journal of Cultural Property, . 71.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Maags, C. & Holbig, H. (2016) Replicating Elite Dominance in Intangible Cultural Heritage Safeguarding: The Role of Local Government–Scholar Networks in China. IN International Journal of Cultural Property, . 71.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Title Replicating Elite Dominance in Intangible Cultural Heritage Safeguarding: The Role of Local Government–Scholar Networks in China
      Journal International Journal of Cultural Property
      Year 2016
      Number 23
      Pages 71– 97
      ISSN 14657317
      Language English
      Author Maags, Christina AND Holbig, Heike
    • Themes:

      2003 Convention governance, Heritage institutions, Policy making

    • Country:

      China

    • Suggested by:

      Philipp Demgenski (2019-12-08)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mac Con Iomaire, M. (2018) Recognizing food as part of Ireland’s intangible cultural heritage. IN Folk Life Journal of Ethnological Studies, 56. 93–115.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mac Con Iomaire, M. (2018) Recognizing food as part of Ireland’s intangible cultural heritage. IN Folk Life Journal of Ethnological Studies, 56. 93–115.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Title Recognizing food as part of Ireland’s intangible cultural heritage
      Journal Folk Life Journal of Ethnological Studies
      Year 2018
      Volume 56
      Number 2
      Pages 93-115
      month August
      ISSN 0430-8778
      Language English
      Author Mac Con Iomaire, Máirtín
    • Abstract:

      Drawing on evidence from across a range of disciplines (literature, folklore, history, sociology, etc.), this paper explores the lack of an iconic link between Ireland and food, explaining the reasons why Ireland and food are not immediately linked in the popular imagination. It argues for recognition of foodways as a significant element in Ireland’s intangible cultural heritage. It highlights and interrogates constructs, such as ‘national’ and ‘regional’ cuisines, charting the growing scholarship around Irish food history from the ground breaking work of A.T. Lucas and Louis Cullen to a recent emerging cluster of doctoral researchers. The paper identifies the potential in ideas of the Annales School for the study of Irish food history. Finally, it argues for a serious engagement with Irish language sources claiming that this Gaelic heritage can provide a competitive advantage in a new age of innovation and creativity.

    • Themes:

      Food, Knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe, Industrial production, SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

    • Country:

      Ireland

    • Suggested by:

      Meglena Zlatkova (2020-04-01)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Macchirella, I. (2011) Dove il tocco di Re Mida non arriva: A proposito di proclamazioni Unesco e musica. IN La Ricerca Folklorica, . 71–79.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Macchirella, I. (2011) Dove il tocco di Re Mida non arriva: A proposito di proclamazioni Unesco e musica. IN La Ricerca Folklorica, . 71–79.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Macchirella, Ignazio
      Journal La Ricerca Folklorica
      Language Italian
      Number 64
      Pages 71--79
      Title Dove il tocco di Re Mida non arriva: A proposito di proclamazioni Unesco e musica
      Year 2011

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Machuca, J. A. (2004) Notas sobre el patrimonio cultural intangible. IN Patrimonio cultural y turismo : Cuadernos 9. Patrimonio cultural oral e inmaterial. La discusión está abierta. Antología de textos. Primera edición, . 74–93.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Machuca, J. A. (2004) Notas sobre el patrimonio cultural intangible. IN Patrimonio cultural y turismo : Cuadernos 9. Patrimonio cultural oral e inmaterial. La discusión está abierta. Antología de textos. Primera edición, . 74–93.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Machuca, José Antonio
      Editor(s) {CONACULTA}
      ISSN 1665-4617
      Journal Patrimonio cultural y turismo : Cuadernos 9. Patrimonio cultural oral e inmaterial. La discusión está abierta. Antología de textos. Primera edición
      Language Spanish
      month #nov#
      Number 2
      Pages 74--93
      Title Notas sobre el patrimonio cultural intangible
      Year 2004
    • Public URL:

      http://www.conaculta.gob.mx/turismocultural/cuadernos/pdf/cuaderno9.pdf

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Machuca, J. A. (2014) Evaluación del sector cultura de la UNESCO: ¿un nuevo enfoque de la Convención para la Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial? IN Diario de Campo, 1. 7–12.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Machuca, J. A. (2014) Evaluación del sector cultura de la UNESCO: ¿un nuevo enfoque de la Convención para la Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial? IN Diario de Campo, 1. 7–12.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Machuca, Jesús Antonio
      Title Evaluación del sector cultura de la UNESCO: ¿un nuevo enfoque de la Convención para la Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial?
      Journal Diario de Campo
      Year 2014
      Volume 1
      Number 2
      Pages 7-12
      month abril-junio
      Language Spanish
    • Abstract:

      La evaluación del sector cultura de la unesco, dedicada a la Convención para la Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial, a una década de su ratificación, se dio a conocer en octubre de 2013 (unesco, 2013b). Este reporte final permite identificar los diversos aspectos que abarca y con los que se relaciona la convención para cumplir sus metas, logros y retos. La consecución de las tareas y objetivos de la convención, considerada un instrumento internacional relevante, exige un esfuerzo considerable. Este intento implica la creación de un conjunto de condiciones entre las que está la organización de un sistema institucional que funcione de modo permanente, mediante la aplicación de políticas en distintas etapas y ámbitos conexos, en los que participan organismos internacionales, gobiernos nacionales, grupos de expertos, ONG, agentes intermediarios, asociaciones civiles, instituciones académicas y comunidades. Además, requiere poner en práctica diversas formas de intervención en los ámbitos internacional, nacional y local.

    • Themes:

      Periodic reporting

    • Country:

      Mexico

    • Suggested by:

      Carolina Buenrostro Pérez (2019-10-20)

    • Public URL:

      https://www.revistas.inah.gob.mx/index.php/diariodecampo/article/download/5587/6432/

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Machuca, J. A. 2004. Reflexiones en torno a la salvaguardia del patrimonio cultural inmaterial.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Machuca, J. A. 2004. Reflexiones en torno a la salvaguardia del patrimonio cultural inmaterial.

    • Bibliographic data:

      vu
      Author Machuca, Jesús Antonio
      Editor(s) {México : Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes}
      Language Spanish
      Pages 75--95
      Title Reflexiones en torno a la salvaguardia del patrimonio cultural inmaterial
      Year 2004

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Madrid Vílchez, C. & Serghini, S. (2005) El patrimonio de todos y todas. Hacia la multiculturalización de las bibliotecas andaluzas. IN PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Madrid Vílchez, C. & Serghini, S. (2005) El patrimonio de todos y todas. Hacia la multiculturalización de las bibliotecas andaluzas. IN PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Madrid Vílchez, Carmen and Serghini, Sulhai
      Editor(s) {Junta de Andalucía} and {Consejería de Cultura.} and {Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico}
      ISSN 84-8266-567-7
      Journal PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad
      Language Spanish
      Number 17
      Title El patrimonio de todos y todas. Hacia la multiculturalización de las bibliotecas andaluzas
      Year 2005

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mahina-tuai, K. U. (2004) Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa: The Case of the Intangible Heritage. IN ICME papers, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mahina-tuai, K. U. (2004) Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa: The Case of the Intangible Heritage. IN ICME papers, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mahina-tuai, Kolokesa Uaf?
      Journal ICME papers
      Language English
      Title Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa: The Case of the Intangible Heritage
      Year 2004
    • Themes:

      Museums

    • Country:

      New Zealand

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mahina-tuai, K. U. (2006) Intangible heritage: a Pacific case study at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. IN International Journal of Intangible Heritage, 1. 13–24.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mahina-tuai, K. U. (2006) Intangible heritage: a Pacific case study at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. IN International Journal of Intangible Heritage, 1. 13–24.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mahina-tuai, Kolokesa Uaf?
      Journal International Journal of Intangible Heritage
      Language English
      Number 1
      Pages 13--24
      Title Intangible heritage: a Pacific case study at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
      Volume 1
      Year 2006
    • Abstract:

      The Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa has a large collection of Pacific material, but, despite the museum’s commitment to represent the cultures of all New Zealand’s peoples and its recognition of the importance of intangible heritage, it has only been partially successful in demonstrating. Objects have been decontextualisedand some of their cultural significance has been lost, as has happened with many other Pacific collections in museums worldwide. The exhibition Culture Moves! Dance Costumes of the Pacific was set up to complement the conference Culture Moves! Dance in Oceania for hiva to hip hop held at Te Papa in November 2005. It provided an opportunity for the museum to show its commitment to the idea of intangible heritage. The paper deals with the problems involved in the collection, display and interpretation of dance costumes and describes some of the solutions. It recommends the approach of the Vanuatu Culture Centre’s Fieldworkers to the collection and recording of intangible material as a model which Te Papa tried to follow in the creation of this exhibition and as one that would be appropriate for other projects and other museums.

    • Themes:

      Museums

    • Country:

      New Zealand, Vanuatu

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Malo González, C. 2000. Patrimonio cultural intangible y globalización. at Bogota, Colombie.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Malo González, C. 2000. Patrimonio cultural intangible y globalización. at Bogota, Colombie.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Postal address Bogota, Colombie
      Author Malo González, Claudio
      Language Spanish
      Pages 35--42
      Publisher Dupligráficas
      Title Patrimonio cultural intangible y globalización
      Year 2000
    • Public URL:

      http://fr.slideshare.net/profesorleandro/patrimonio-cultural-yglobalizacion3

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Manawadu, S. 2002. Cultural routes and intangible heritage within a universal context impact of cultural routes on Sri Lankan society.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Manawadu, S. 2002. Cultural routes and intangible heritage within a universal context impact of cultural routes on Sri Lankan society.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Manawadu, Samitha
      ISBN 84-235-2276-8
      Language English
      Pages 235--240
      Publisher Institución Príncipe de Viana
      Title Cultural routes and intangible heritage within a universal context impact of cultural routes on Sri Lankan society
      Year 2002
    • Country:

      Sri Lanka

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Manetsi, T. (2005) SAHRA Draft Policy and Guidelines for the Management of Intangible Heritage. IN Cape Town, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Manetsi, T. (2005) SAHRA Draft Policy and Guidelines for the Management of Intangible Heritage. IN Cape Town, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Manetsi, Thabo
      Journal Cape Town
      Language English
      Title SAHRA Draft Policy and Guidelines for the Management of Intangible Heritage
      Year 2005
    • Themes:

      Policy making

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mariano, M. & Endere, M. L. (2013) Reflexiones acerca de la protección del patrimonio intangible a nivel internacional, regional y su proyección en Argentina. IN Dimensión Antropológica, 58. 33–59.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mariano, M. & Endere, M. L. (2013) Reflexiones acerca de la protección del patrimonio intangible a nivel internacional, regional y su proyección en Argentina. IN Dimensión Antropológica, 58. 33–59.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mariano, Mercedes AND Endere , María Luz
      Title Reflexiones acerca de la protección del patrimonio intangible a nivel internacional, regional y su proyección en Argentina
      Journal Dimensión Antropológica
      Year 2013
      Volume 58
      Pages 33-59
      month Mayo-agosto
      Language Spanish
    • Abstract:

      El objetivo del presente artículo es discutir la conceptualización actual del patrimonio intangible, abordándolo en diferentes escalas que contemplan, en un mismo estudio, el plano internacional, regional y local. Se analizan los desafíos que su protección genera en Argentina, sobre todo teniendo en cuenta que se trata de un país en donde conviven diferentes tradiciones culturales, conforme a las cuales los grupos de interés valoran sus bienes patrimoniales de manera diversa. Asimismo, se plantea la necesidad de adoptar una metodología fundada en el enfoque etnográico y la perspectiva de los actores para abordar la tarea de inventario y registro, en el marco de una política participativa de protección del patrimonio cultural intangible.

    • Themes:

      2003 Convention genesis, Heritage institutions, Legislation, Policy making, 1972 Convention, Other international framework

    • Country:

      Argentina

    • Suggested by:

      Carolina Buenrostro Pérez (2019-10-21)

    • Public URL:

      blob:https://mediateca.inah.gob.mx/8384ecba-8977-4ae6-a8ab-989a83b2b8a8

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Marie Cornu Anita Vaivade, L. M. C. H. (Ed.), (2020) Intangible Cultural Heritage Under National and International Law Going Beyond the 2003 UNESCO Convention Edward Elgar.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Marie Cornu Anita Vaivade, L. M. C. H. (Ed.), (2020) Intangible Cultural Heritage Under National and International Law Going Beyond the 2003 UNESCO Convention Edward Elgar.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Editor(s) Marie Cornu, Anita Vaivade, Lily Martinet, Clea Hance
      Title Intangible Cultural Heritage Under National and International Law Going Beyond the 2003 UNESCO Convention
      Publisher Edward Elgar
      Year 2020
      ISBN 978 1 83910 002 4
      Language English
    • Abstract:

      This illuminating book offers an authoritative analysis of the legal issues relating to safeguarding intangible cultural heritage. Taking a critical approach, it provides a unique insight into the impact of international and national law on the present and future safeguarding processes of intangible cultural heritage. Expert contributors draw on the results of an international study conducted in 26 countries to illustrate how domestic laws comprehend the notion of intangible cultural heritage. The book explores the relationship that these states maintain with the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage and highlight challenging concepts.

    • Themes:

      2003 Convention genesis, 2003 Convention governance, Cultural identity, Human rights, Intellectual property, Languages, Legislation, Lists of the 2003 Convention, WIPO, publication to be referenced article by article

    • Country:

      Algeria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Congo, Egypt, Estonia, France, Germany, Iceland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kenya, Latvia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mexico, Morocco, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Zambia, Zimbabwe

    • Suggested by:

      Lily Martinet (2020-10-08)

    • Public URL:

      https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/gbp/intangible-cultural-heritage-under-national-and-international-law-9781839100024.html

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mariotti, L. (2008) La convenzione per la salvaguardia del patrimonio culturale immateriale: un'analisi. IN Antropologia museale, . 51–54.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mariotti, L. (2008) La convenzione per la salvaguardia del patrimonio culturale immateriale: un'analisi. IN Antropologia museale, . 51–54.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mariotti, Luciana
      Journal Antropologia museale
      Language Italian
      Number 18
      Pages 51--54
      Title La convenzione per la salvaguardia del patrimonio culturale immateriale: un'analisi
      Year 2008

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mariotti, L. (2011) Spirito e Senso dei luoghi: approccio integrato alla salvaguardia e alla conservazione del Patrimonio culturale. IN Luoghi e oggetti della memoria. Comunicare, valorizzare, promuovere il patrimonio culturale. Studio di casi in Italia e in Giordania. Con CD-ROM, . 97–108.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mariotti, L. (2011) Spirito e Senso dei luoghi: approccio integrato alla salvaguardia e alla conservazione del Patrimonio culturale. IN Luoghi e oggetti della memoria. Comunicare, valorizzare, promuovere il patrimonio culturale. Studio di casi in Italia e in Giordania. Con CD-ROM, . 97–108.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mariotti, Luciana
      Journal Luoghi e oggetti della memoria. Comunicare, valorizzare, promuovere il patrimonio culturale. Studio di casi in Italia e in Giordania. Con CD-ROM
      Language Italian
      Pages 97--108
      Title Spirito e Senso dei luoghi: approccio integrato alla salvaguardia e alla conservazione del Patrimonio culturale
      Year 2011

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mariotti, L. Luoghi e oggetti della memoria. Valorizzare il patrimonio culturale. Studio.

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mariotti, L. 2008. Prospettive Italiane della Convenzione per la salvaguardia del patrimonio culturale immateriale. Ipotesi di analisi tra antropologia e norme giuridiche.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mariotti, L. 2008. Prospettive Italiane della Convenzione per la salvaguardia del patrimonio culturale immateriale. Ipotesi di analisi tra antropologia e norme giuridiche.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Postal address Roma
      Author Mariotti, Luciana
      Book title Il patrimonio immateriale  secondo l'{UNESCO}:  analisi e prospettive, {Istituto} poligrafico dello stato
      Bortolotto, Chiara
      Edition Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato
      Language Italian
      Title Prospettive Italiane della Convenzione per la salvaguardia del patrimonio culturale immateriale. Ipotesi di analisi tra antropologia e norme giuridiche
      Year 2008

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mariotti, L. 2008. Piazze e mercati : tipologia di un bene culturale e sguardo istituzionale. Paper read at Atti del Convegno a cura di Dr.ssa Lucia Fornari Schianchi "Città e mercati. Gli incontri e gli scambi nelle piazze e nei mercati co me patrimonio culturale. Per una tutela e valorizzazione dei mercati storici e della socialità all'apertoat Parma.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mariotti, L. 2008. Piazze e mercati : tipologia di un bene culturale e sguardo istituzionale. Paper read at Atti del Convegno a cura di Dr.ssa Lucia Fornari Schianchi "Città e mercati. Gli incontri e gli scambi nelle piazze e nei mercati co me patrimonio culturale. Per una tutela e valorizzazione dei mercati storici e della socialità all'apertoat Parma.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Postal address Parma
      Author Mariotti, Luciana
      Book title Atti del {Convegno} a cura di {Dr}.ssa {Lucia} {Fornari} {Schianchi} "{Città} e mercati. {Gli} incontri e gli scambi nelle piazze e nei mercati co me patrimonio culturale. {Per} una tutela e valorizzazione dei mercati storici e della socialità all'aperto
      Ministero per i Beni e le attività culturali
      Language Italian
      Pages 72--96
      Publisher Grafiche step eds.
      Title Piazze e mercati : tipologia di un bene culturale e sguardo istituzionale
      Year 2008

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Maroevic, I. (2000) Museology and the Intangible Heritage together against the Traditional Museum or Are we Returning to the Original Museum? IN ISS 32 (pré-actes, . 84–91.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Maroevic, I. (2000) Museology and the Intangible Heritage together against the Traditional Museum or Are we Returning to the Original Museum? IN ISS 32 (pré-actes, . 84–91.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Maroevic, Ivo
      Journal ISS 32 (pré-actes
      Language English
      Pages 84--91
      Title Museology and the Intangible Heritage together against the Traditional Museum or Are we Returning to the Original Museum?
      Year 2000
    • Themes:

      Museums

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Marrie, H. (2009) The UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and the protection and maintenance of the intangible cultural heritage of indigenous peoples. IN Intangible heritage, . 169.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Marrie, H. (2009) The UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and the protection and maintenance of the intangible cultural heritage of indigenous peoples. IN Intangible heritage, . 169.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Marrie, Henrietta
      ISSN 0415473969
      Journal Intangible heritage
      Language English
      Pages 169
      Title The UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and the protection and maintenance of the intangible cultural heritage of indigenous peoples
      Year 2009
    • Themes:

      Indigenous peoples

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Marschall, S. (2008) Inspiring Narrative with a Shadow: Tangible and Intangible Heritage at the Phoenix Settlement of Mahatma Gandhi. IN Southern African Humanities, 20. 335–356.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Marschall, S. (2008) Inspiring Narrative with a Shadow: Tangible and Intangible Heritage at the Phoenix Settlement of Mahatma Gandhi. IN Southern African Humanities, 20. 335–356.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Marschall, Sabine
      Journal Southern African Humanities
      Language English
      Pages 335--356
      Title Inspiring Narrative with a Shadow: Tangible and Intangible Heritage at the Phoenix Settlement of Mahatma Gandhi
      Volume 20
      Year 2008
    • Abstract:

      The article focuses on the Phoenix Settlement, which Mahatma Gandhi established north of Durban during his formative years in South Africa. The settlement was almost completely destroyed during the Inanda Riots in 1985, after which a large community of African informal settlers moved onto the land, now known as Bhambayi. In the late 1990s, the settlement was restored and substantially reconstructed. It was opened as a heritage site in February 2000 and now forms an important local tourist attraction. The article explores the meaning of the Phoenix Settlement in terms of its tangible and intangible heritage, arguing that this is a highly significant yet ambiguous site. Interviews with a small sample of local community members reveal that younger people have more positive attitudes towards the site, but many associate it exclusively with Indians and elite visitors. As a heritage site, the Phoenix Settlement is officially positioned as a symbol of reconciliation and non-violent resistance, but the perception of the surrounding community is closely tied to race relations between Indians and Africans. The site is also overshadowed by its violent recent history, despite the fact that virtually all tangible evidence of that violence has been erased through the site's reconstruction and restoration. The article ends with a set of recommendations on how the presentation and management of Gandhi's settlement and its relationship with the local community could be improved.

    • Themes:

      Community participation, Social conflicts, Youth

    • Country:

      South Africa

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Marsio, L. (2014). Aineeton kulttuuriperintö - Esimerkkejä Unescon 2003 yleissopimuksen toteuttamisesta verrokkimaissa. Intangible Cultural Heritage. Examples of the implementation of the UNESCO 2003 Convention in selected countries under comparison. 3 Pitkäsillanranta, 00530 Helsinki, Finland: CUPORE – The Finnish Foundation for Cultural Policy Research.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Marsio, L. (2014). Aineeton kulttuuriperintö - Esimerkkejä Unescon 2003 yleissopimuksen toteuttamisesta verrokkimaissa. Intangible Cultural Heritage. Examples of the implementation of the UNESCO 2003 Convention in selected countries under comparison. 3 Pitkäsillanranta, 00530 Helsinki, Finland: CUPORE – The Finnish Foundation for Cultural Policy Research.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Title Aineeton kulttuuriperintö - Esimerkkejä Unescon 2003 yleissopimuksen toteuttamisesta verrokkimaissa. Intangible Cultural Heritage. Examples of the implementation of the UNESCO 2003 Convention in selected countries under comparison.
      Year 2014
      CUPORE – The Finnish Foundation for Cultural Policy Research
      Author Marsio, Leena
      Publisher CUPORE web publications 24
      Postal address 3 Pitkäsillanranta, 00530 Helsinki, Finland
      Note Report Summary and Conclusions
      Language Finnish
    • Abstract:

      The Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage was adopted at the UNESCO General Conference in 2003. 161 states are now (2015) parties to the convention. In Finland the convention was ratified in May 2013. The Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture assigned the responsibility for implementing the Convention to the Finnish Heritage Agency, to draft a model for its execution in Finland. CUPORE - The Finnish Foundation for Cultural Policy Research collaborated in this work in the context of research. In the first research phase CUPORE conducted a comparative research on the implementation of the Convention in 15 other member countries, the roles and models of coordinating the work on the national level. The report also looks into examples of the elements inscribed on the intangible cultural heritage lists in the selected countries. The purpose of the research was to create a roadmap for a Finnish model for implementing the Convention and fostering intangible cultural heritage more generally as well. The report has been published in Finnish. aineetonkulttuuriperinto_korjattu2015.pdf You can also download an extensive English summary and recommendations based on the report. https://www.cupore.fi/en/publications/cupore-s-publications/intangible-cultural-heritage-examples-of-the-implementation-of-the-unesco-2003-convention-in-selected-countries-under-comparison-report-summary-and-conclusions

    • Themes:

      2003 Convention governance, Community participation, Heritage institutions, International cooperation, Inventorying

    • Country:

      Finland

    • Suggested by:

      Leena Marsio (2019-11-27)

    • Public URL:

      https://www.cupore.fi/images/tiedostot/aineetonkulttuuriperinto_korjattu2015.pdf

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Martín Díaz, E. (2005) La diversidad cultural : ¿ problema o solución ? Migraciones, derechos y culturas en la Andalucía de la globalización. IN PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Martín Díaz, E. (2005) La diversidad cultural : ¿ problema o solución ? Migraciones, derechos y culturas en la Andalucía de la globalización. IN PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Martín Díaz, Emma
      Editor(s) {Junta de Andalucía} and {Consejería de Cultura.} and {Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico}
      ISSN 84-8266-567-7
      Journal PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad
      Language Spanish
      Number 17
      Title La diversidad cultural : ¿ problema o solución ? Migraciones, derechos y culturas en la Andalucía de la globalización
      Year 2005

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Martínez De Morentin, J. I. & Ferreras, J. M. (2014) El animador UNESCO y el patrimonio inmaterial. Editorial Centre UNESCO de Saint Sébastien.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Martínez De Morentin, J. I. & Ferreras, J. M. (2014) El animador UNESCO y el patrimonio inmaterial. Editorial Centre UNESCO de Saint Sébastien.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Martínez De Morentin, Juan Ignacio AND Ferreras, Juan María
      Title El animador UNESCO y el patrimonio inmaterial.
      Publisher Editorial Centre UNESCO de Saint Sébastien
      Year 2014
      Series Patrimoine inmateriel
      ISBN 978-84-88737-89-2
      Language Spanish
    • Themes:

      Nonformal education

    • Country:

      Spain

    • Suggested by:

      Juan Ignacio Martínez de Morentin (2019-12-04)

    • Public URL:

      https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000231440

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Massing, K. (2017) Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage in an Ethnic Theme Park Setting – The Case of Binglanggu in Hainan Province, China. IN International Journal of Heritage Studies, 24. 66–82.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Massing, K. (2017) Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage in an Ethnic Theme Park Setting – The Case of Binglanggu in Hainan Province, China. IN International Journal of Heritage Studies, 24. 66–82.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Massing, Katharina
      Title Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage in an Ethnic Theme Park Setting – The Case of Binglanggu in Hainan Province, China
      Journal International Journal of Heritage Studies
      Year 2017
      Volume 24
      Number 1
      Pages 66-82
      Language English
      ISSN 14703610
    • Abstract:

      Since 2003, safeguarding intangible cultural heritage (ICH) has become a priority of China’s cultural heritage safeguarding policies at all levels. Despite this, academic research has paid limited attention to the safeguarding of ICH in a theme park setting. This paper examines the opportunities and challenges of safeguarding ICH in an ethnic theme park in China. It investigates how the Binglanggu theme park in Hainan aims to contribute to the safeguarding of Li minority heritage. The study is based on qualitative data consisting of interviews with Li minority members working at Binglanggu, the Vice-Manager of the theme park and interviews with heritage and tourism experts in Hainan, as well as observation at the theme park. The findings indicate that, when concentrating on certain ICH expressions that align with the state’s ethnic minority narrative, the theme park makes an important contribution to the research and documentation of Li minority heritage. However, the park struggles to transmit ICH expressions to the younger generations. The research concludes that essential criteria to contribute to the safeguarding of ICH are to include the ethnic minority group in the safeguarding process, for example by employing them in management positions, and to concentrate more strongly on education and transmission.

    • Themes:

      Minority groups, Theatrification, Touristification, SDG 4: Quality Education, Hampered transmission, SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth

    • Country:

      China

    • Suggested by:

      Simone Toji (2019-10-15)

    • Public URL:

      http://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2017.1362571

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Massó Guijarro, E. (2006) La identidad cultural como patrimonio inmaterial: relaciones dialécticas con el desarrollo. IN Theoria, 15. 89–99.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Massó Guijarro, E. (2006) La identidad cultural como patrimonio inmaterial: relaciones dialécticas con el desarrollo. IN Theoria, 15. 89–99.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Massó Guijarro, Ester
      ISSN 0717-196X
      Journal Theoria
      Language Spanish
      Number 1
      Pages 89--99
      Title La identidad cultural como patrimonio inmaterial: relaciones dialécticas con el desarrollo
      Volume 15
      Year 2006
    • Abstract:

      Se presenta un ensayo sobre las posibles conexiones argumentativas entre el capital social y la identidad cultural, entendidas como formas de patrimonio inmaterial. Se defenderá la utilidad de esta apuesta teórica a causa de los diversos réditos políticos y culturales que podría producir cierto empleo o instrumentalización del patrimonio inmaterial para salvaguardar o ponderar flujos de capital social y modos de identidad. Estas reflexiones se enmarcan en el ámbito general del debate sobre el desarrollo, proverbial en la antropología desde la teoría de la dependencia de los años sesenta. Se cuestionará la condición, la naturaleza y los deberes del desarrollo en el contexto actual y sus implicaciones en materia de derechos humanos, así como su relación con los puntos anteriormente mencionados (sobre identidad cultural y capital social), considerándose la íntima imbricación entre las propuestas desarrollistas y las políticas de patrimonio inmaterial.

    • Public URL:

      http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=29915109

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mathur, A. (2003) Who Owns Traditional Knowledge? IN Economic and Political Weekly, 38. 4471–4481.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mathur, A. (2003) Who Owns Traditional Knowledge? IN Economic and Political Weekly, 38. 4471–4481.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mathur, Ajeet
      ISSN 00129976
      Journal Economic and Political Weekly
      Language English
      month #oct#
      Note ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Oct. 18-24, 2003 / Copyright © 2003 Economic and Political Weekly
      Number 42
      Pages 4471--4481
      Title Who Owns Traditional Knowledge?
      Volume 38
      Year 2003
    • Abstract:

      The protection of traditional knowledge is one of the major issues addressed in WTO negotiations. The question assumes significance because traditional knowledge consists of information in the public domain as well as trade secrets; novelty thresholds of patent laws of countries differ greatly and are notoriously low in countries where the pharmaceutical industry is strongest; and, patentability under TRIPS does not require prior informed consent of countries or communities from where organic and informational resources are procured.

    • Themes:

      Intellectual property

    • Public URL:

      http://www.jstor.org/stable/4414163

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Matsuura, K. 2002. Eloge du patrimoine culturel immatériel : UNESCO.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Matsuura, K. 2002. Eloge du patrimoine culturel immatériel : UNESCO.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Matsuura, Koïchiro
      Language French
      month #sep#
      Note Il a un rôle important à jouer si nous voulons parvenir à un monde où la culture s'impose comme l'un des piliers du développement durable.
      Title Eloge du patrimoine culturel immatériel : UNESCO
      Year 2002
    • Abstract:

      Le Monde, 11/09/2002

    • Themes:

      2003 Convention genesis

    • Public URL:

      http://portal.unesco.org/fr/ev.php-URL_ID=6024&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (2012-12-07)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Matsuura, K., Duvelle, C., Park, S., Urrutia, J., Laviolette, K., Londres Fonseca, M. C., Hottin, C., Steiner, A., Van Den Broucke, D., Gauthier, A., Jarvis, D., Simard, C., Baptista, C., Quimbert, C., Sow Huchard, O., Orr, J., Mccleery, A., Faurie, M., Laurendeau, G., Roda, J., Campos, L., Daher, N. & Du Berger, J. (2012) Les mesures de soutien au patrimoine immatériel Gauthier, A. (Ed.), Conseil québécois du patrimoine vivant.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Matsuura, K., Duvelle, C., Park, S., Urrutia, J., Laviolette, K., Londres Fonseca, M. C., Hottin, C., Steiner, A., Van Den Broucke, D., Gauthier, A., Jarvis, D., Simard, C., Baptista, C., Quimbert, C., Sow Huchard, O., Orr, J., Mccleery, A., Faurie, M., Laurendeau, G., Roda, J., Campos, L., Daher, N. & Du Berger, J. (2012) Les mesures de soutien au patrimoine immatériel Gauthier, A. (Ed.), Conseil québécois du patrimoine vivant.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Matsuura, Koïchiro AND Duvelle, Cécile AND Park, Seong-yong AND Urrutia, Jaime AND Laviolette, Karine AND Londres Fonseca, Maria Cecilia AND Hottin, Christian AND Steiner, Anna AND Van Den Broucke, Dries AND Gauthier, Antoine AND Jarvis, Dale AND Simard, Cyril AND Baptista, Cristina AND Quimbert, Charles AND Sow Huchard, Ousmane AND Orr, Joanne AND Mccleery, Allison AND Faurie, Mathias AND Laurendeau, Géraldine AND Roda, Jessica AND Campos, Lucia AND Daher, Najem AND Du Berger, Jean
      Editor(s) Antoine Gauthier
      Title Les mesures de soutien au patrimoine immatériel
      Publisher Conseil québécois du patrimoine vivant
      Year 2012
      ISBN 978-2-922180-20-6
      Language English,French
    • Themes:

      International cooperation, Economic and social development, Cultural diplomacy, Policy making, 2003 Convention genesis, 2003 Convention governance, Legislation, Nongovernmental organizations, Civil society, Cities

    • Country:

      Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, France, Japan, Peru, Portugal, Republic of Korea, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Senegal, Tunisia

    • Suggested by:

      Antoine Gauthier (2019-11-08)

    • Public URL:

      https://patrimoinevivant.qc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Les-mesures-de-soutien-au-patrimoine-immateriel-actes-du-colloque-2011.pdf

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Matsuzono, M. (2004) Museums, Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Spirit of Humanity. IN ICOM News (4), . 13.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Matsuzono, M. (2004) Museums, Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Spirit of Humanity. IN ICOM News (4), . 13.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Matsuzono, Makio
      Journal ICOM News (4)
      Language English
      Pages 13
      Title Museums, Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Spirit of Humanity
      Year 2004
    • Themes:

      Museums

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Maya, P. A. (2005) La Convención de Patrimonio Inmaterial. Su proceso de ratificación en México. IN Hereditas, . 92–96.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Maya, P. A. (2005) La Convención de Patrimonio Inmaterial. Su proceso de ratificación en México. IN Hereditas, . 92–96.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Maya, Pedro Alejandro
      Title La Convención de Patrimonio Inmaterial. Su proceso de ratificación en México
      Journal Hereditas
      Year 2005
      Number 12
      Pages 92-96
      month agosto
      ISSN 2448-6841
      Language Spanish
    • Abstract:

      El autor hace un recorrido de los antecedentes que dieron lugar a la Convención de 2003.

    • Themes:

      2003 Convention genesis, 1972 Convention

    • Country:

      Mexico

    • Suggested by:

      Carolina Buenrostro Pérez (2019-10-21)

    • Public URL:

      blob:https://www.mediateca.inah.gob.mx/e8551f5d-6221-4a8f-85d6-80eaf6f876bc

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mazur-kumri?, N. & Luli?, M. (2009) Case Study: Intangible Heritage of the Roma Ethnic Community in Croatia.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mazur-kumri?, N. & Luli?, M. (2009) Case Study: Intangible Heritage of the Roma Ethnic Community in Croatia.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mazur-kumri?, Nives AND Luli?, Mira
      ISSN 9899567116
      Language English
      Title Case Study: Intangible Heritage of the Roma Ethnic Community in Croatia
      Year 2009
    • Themes:

      Minority groups

    • Country:

      Croatia

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mccleery, A., Mccleery, A., Gunn, L. & Hill, D. (2008) Scoping and mapping intangible cultural heritage in Scotland: final report. IN Museums Galleries Scotland, . 1–55.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mccleery, A., Mccleery, A., Gunn, L. & Hill, D. (2008) Scoping and mapping intangible cultural heritage in Scotland: final report. IN Museums Galleries Scotland, . 1–55.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mccleery, Alison AND Mccleery, Alistair AND Gunn, Linda AND Hill, David
      Journal Museums Galleries Scotland
      Language English
      Pages 1--55
      Title Scoping and mapping intangible cultural heritage in Scotland: final report
      Year 2008
    • Themes:

      Inventorying

    • Country:

      United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mckercher, B. & Du Cros, H. (2003) Testing a cultural tourism typology. IN International Journal of Tourism Research, 5. 45–58.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mckercher, B. & Du Cros, H. (2003) Testing a cultural tourism typology. IN International Journal of Tourism Research, 5. 45–58.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mckercher, Bob AND Du Cros, Hilary
      ISSN 1522-1970
      Journal International Journal of Tourism Research
      Language English
      Number 1
      Pages 45--58
      Title Testing a cultural tourism typology
      Volume 5
      Year 2003
    • Abstract:

      This paper tests further a cultural tourism typology based on the interface between centrality of cultural tourism as a trip motive and the depth of experience. Five types of cultural tourist are identified that represent five benefit-based segments. The segments are tested against a variety of trip, demographic, motivational, preferred activity, awareness, cultural distance and activity variables. Significant differences are noted between the groups, suggesting that the model presented may be effective in segmenting the cultural tourism market. Moreover, although the segmentation process is predicated on two variables, these variables are reflective of underlying trip motivation, activity preference and cultural distance factors noted between the different types of cultural tourist.

    • Themes:

      Tourism

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mckercher, B. & Du Cros, H. (2006) Culture, heritage and visiting attractions. IN Dimitrios Buhalis and Carlos Costa (eds., pp. 211-219), Tourism business frontiers: Consumers, products, and industry. Amsterdam: Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mckercher, B. & Du Cros, H. (2006) Culture, heritage and visiting attractions. IN Dimitrios Buhalis and Carlos Costa (eds., pp. 211-219), Tourism business frontiers: Consumers, products, and industry. Amsterdam: Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mckercher, Bob AND Du Cros, Hilary
      Journal Dimitrios Buhalis and Carlos Costa (eds., pp. 211-219), Tourism business frontiers: Consumers, products, and industry. Amsterdam: Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann
      Language English
      Title Culture, heritage and visiting attractions
      Year 2006
    • Themes:

      Tourism

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mckercher, B., Ho, P. S. Y. & Du Cros, H. (2005) Relationship between tourism and cultural heritage management: Evidence from Hong Kong. IN Tourism Management, 26. 539–548.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mckercher, B., Ho, P. S. Y. & Du Cros, H. (2005) Relationship between tourism and cultural heritage management: Evidence from Hong Kong. IN Tourism Management, 26. 539–548.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mckercher, Bob AND Ho, Pamela S. Y. AND Du Cros, Hilary
      ISSN 0261-5177
      Journal Tourism Management
      Language English
      Number 4
      Pages 539--548
      Title Relationship between tourism and cultural heritage management: Evidence from Hong Kong
      Volume 26
      Year 2005
    • Abstract:

      This paper examines the nature of the relationship between tourism and cultural heritage management in the established urban destination of Hong Kong. In the past, conflict theory has formed the basis of most of the studies of relationships between tourism and other sectors. However, a conflict paradigm may not be the most appropriate framework. Instead, the authors outline a continuum reflecting different levels of maturity in the relationship between these two sectors. Seven different possible relationships are identified, that are influenced by five mitigating conditions.

    • Themes:

      Tourism, Urban development

    • Country:

      China

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mclaren, A. E. (2010) Revitalisation of the Folk Epics of the Lower Yangzi Delta: An Example of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage. IN International Journal of Intangible Cultural Heritage, 5. 30–43.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mclaren, A. E. (2010) Revitalisation of the Folk Epics of the Lower Yangzi Delta: An Example of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage. IN International Journal of Intangible Cultural Heritage, 5. 30–43.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mclaren, Anne E.
      Journal International Journal of Intangible Cultural Heritage
      Language English
      Pages 30--43
      Title Revitalisation of the Folk Epics of the Lower Yangzi Delta: An Example of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage
      Volume 5
      Year 2010
    • Abstract:

      The folk epics of the Han people of the lower Yangzi delta in China have been entered into the national register of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH). These lengthy verse narratives were sung by labouring people toiling in paddy fields or working the waterways of the delta before the establishment of socialist China in 1949. Repressed during the Maoist period, the process of their re-discovery, identification and revitalisation as valued examples of China’s heritage has been a difficult one, and their transmission to future generations as a living and valued folk art is by no means assured. As argued here, the case of the folk epics illustrates the cultural and political complexities of the preservation of intangible cultural heritage in economically advanced areas of China.

    • Themes:

      Economic and social development, Inventorying, Hampered transmission

    • Country:

      China

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Medina, X. F. (2009) Mediterranean diet, culture and heritage: challenges for a new conception. IN Public Health Nutr, 12. 1618–1620.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Medina, X. F. (2009) Mediterranean diet, culture and heritage: challenges for a new conception. IN Public Health Nutr, 12. 1618–1620.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Medina, F. Xavier
      Journal Public Health Nutr
      Language English
      Pages 1618-1620
      Title Mediterranean diet, culture and heritage: challenges for a new conception
      Volume 12
      Year 2009
    • Abstract:

      The aim of the present article is to discuss the role of the Mediterranean diet as a part of Human Culture and Intangible Cultural Heritage. Until the present, Mediterranean diet has been observed as a healthy model of medical behaviour. After its proposal as a Cultural Heritage of the Humanity at UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), Mediterranean diet is actually being observed as a part of Mediterranean culture and starting its concept as an equivalent of Mediterranean Cultural Food System or Mediterranean Culinary System. At the candidacy of Mediterranean diet as a World Cultural Intangible Heritage to be presented at UNESCO in 2008, this new conception is making sense. A new point of view that will be capital in the future discussions about the Mediterranean diet, their challenges and their future perspectives.

    • Themes:

      Food, Health, International cooperation, SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being, SDG 15: Life on Land, Lists of the 2003 Convention, Transnational heritage, Knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe, Social practices, rituals and festive events, Traditional craftsmanship, SDG 2: Zero Hunger, references illustrating linkages between SDGs and ICH

    • Related to one or more inscribed elements:

      Mediterranean diet

    • Public URL:

      https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26750621_Mediterranean_diet_culture_and_heritage_Challenges_for_a_new_conception

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Medina, X. F. (2017) Reflexiones sobre el patrimonio y la alimentación desde las perspectivascultural y turística. IN Anales de Antropología, . 106–113.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Medina, X. F. (2017) Reflexiones sobre el patrimonio y la alimentación desde las perspectivascultural y turística. IN Anales de Antropología, . 106–113.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Medina, F Xavier
      Title Reflexiones sobre el patrimonio y la alimentación desde las perspectivascultural y turística
      Journal Anales de Antropología
      Year 2017
      Number 51
      Pages 106-113
      Language Spanish
    • Abstract:

      El propósito de este artículo es reflexionar críticamente sobre las intersecciones entre cultura alimentaria, patrimonio y turismo. El patrimoniocultural es cambiante, construido a partir de selecciones de elementos considerados como pertenecientes a la propia cultura, excluyendo otros, ysirve a intereses determinados. Aun formando parte de un acuerdo social (debe ser sentido por la mayor parte de la población como propio), muy amenudo son las instancias con poder aquellas que proponen, promueven y/o reconocen el patrimonio. Solo muy recientemente aspectos de la culturainmaterial como la alimentación se han incorporado a las listas de lo “patrimonializable” y, por lo tanto, de oficializar su importancia para nuestrasidentidades. Finalmente, el patrimonio cultural es considerado actualmente como un recurso turístico de gran potencial, y la patrimonialización dela “cultura alimentaria” (paisajes productivos, alimentos, platos, vinos y bebidas, rutas, industrias) ocurre ahora en el marco del turismo y de susbeneficios para el desarrollo local.

    • Themes:

      Food, Tourism, Social practices, rituals and festive events, Touristification

    • Country:

      Mexico

    • Suggested by:

      Carolina Buenrostro Pérez (2019-10-21)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mediterranea, F. D. 2010. Dieta Mediterránea Candidatura a Patrimonio Inmaterial de la Humanidad.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mediterranea, F. D. 2010. Dieta Mediterránea Candidatura a Patrimonio Inmaterial de la Humanidad.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Fondacion Dieta Mediterranea
      Language Spanish
      Title Dieta Mediterránea Candidatura a Patrimonio Inmaterial de la Humanidad
      Year 2010
    • Themes:

      Lists of the 2003 Convention, Food

    • Related to one or more inscribed elements:

      Mediterranean diet

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mendonça, J. & Lopes, E. The Intangible Heritage as Cultural Tourism Product: Attractiveness and (Re) Construction of the Territories - The Case of Cante Alentejano. IN Publicações CICS, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mendonça, J. & Lopes, E. The Intangible Heritage as Cultural Tourism Product: Attractiveness and (Re) Construction of the Territories - The Case of Cante Alentejano. IN Publicações CICS, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mendonça, José AND Lopes, Eunice
      Title The Intangible Heritage as Cultural Tourism Product: Attractiveness and (Re) Construction of the Territories - The Case of Cante Alentejano
      Journal Publicações CICS
      Language English
    • Abstract:

      The use of cultural heritage is closely linked to an effort of conservation and valorisation, for its symbolism and importance in strengthening the sense of identity and collective memory. The recognition of the historical and cultural importance of intangible heritage and its legal protection through the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Heritage of UNESCO (2003), reinforces its classification and safeguarding. There is long since culture is one of the most important reasons for the visit of tourists to Portugal where the intangible cultural heritage is greatly appreciated, by the approach of “experiencing sensations and emotions” which provides the opportunity for authentic cultural exchange between visitors and the communities. In this framework, we intend to give as an example the Cante Alentejano (CA), distinguished on the 27th of November 2014 by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (ICH). The activation of the intangible cultural heritage of Cante Alentejano, is part of a Regional Entity’s Strategy of Tourism of Alentejo and Ribatejo (ERTAR)) and the operationalisation of the CA as a tourist product, results from the Diagnostic Study of the Strategic Plan for the Development of Cultural and Scenic Touring of Alentejo and Ribatejo (DTCPAR). In order to present some measures which enrich the valorization of the Cante Alentejano as a cultural tourism product, the methodology which was used included the direct observation of the phenomenon in different contexts and interviews with several relevant intervenients related with the CA. The results obtained on the CA, point to a favourable recognition to the safeguard of this intangible cultural heritage as a tourist product, improving local sustainable development and enhance the (re)construction of the territorry.

    • Themes:

      Tourism, Cultural identity, SDG 15: Life on Land, SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth

    • Country:

      Portugal

    • Related to one or more inscribed elements:

      Cante Alentejano, polyphonic singing from Alentejo, southern Portugal

    • Suggested by:

      Simone Toji (2019-10-15)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mércuri, M. (2003) El Patrimonio Cultural: Reflexiones epistemológicas. IN El Espacio Cultural de los Mitos, Ritos, Leyendas, Celebraciones y Devociones. Temas de patrimonio cultural. 26.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mércuri, M. (2003) El Patrimonio Cultural: Reflexiones epistemológicas. IN El Espacio Cultural de los Mitos, Ritos, Leyendas, Celebraciones y Devociones. Temas de patrimonio cultural. 26.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mércuri, Mónica
      Editor(s) {Comisión para la Preservación del Patrimonio Histórico Cultural de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires}
      ISSN 987-1037-08-2
      Journal El Espacio Cultural de los Mitos, Ritos, Leyendas, Celebraciones y Devociones. Temas de patrimonio cultural.
      Language Spanish
      Title El Patrimonio Cultural: Reflexiones epistemológicas
      Volume 26
      Year 2003

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Merolla, D. (2011) Reflections on the Project African Oral Literatures, New Media, and Technologies: Challenges for Research and Documentation. IN The Global South, 5. 154–162.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Merolla, D. (2011) Reflections on the Project African Oral Literatures, New Media, and Technologies: Challenges for Research and Documentation. IN The Global South, 5. 154–162.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Merolla, Daniela
      ISSN 19328648
      Journal The Global South
      Language English
      month #oct#
      Note ArticleType: research-article / Issue Title: Special Issue: Indigenous Knowledges and Intellectual Property Rights in the Age of Globalization / Full publication date: Fall 2011 / Copyright © 2011 Indiana University Press
      Number 2
      Pages 154--162
      Title Reflections on the Project African Oral Literatures, New Media, and Technologies: Challenges for Research and Documentation
      Volume 5
      Year 2011
    • Abstract:

      ABSTRACT This paper offers a reflective update of the international project “African Oral Literatures, New Media, and Technologies: Challenges for Research and Documentation.” This project has engaged the practice and the theoretical implications of technological documentation by implementing the ground-breaking series Verba Africana, published on DVDs and the Internet. Such a series produces videos of African oral genres, whether “classic” storytelling and songs, or hip-hop and video clips, with translations and interpretive commentaries informed by scientific research. Central topics of the project are issues of definition, interpretation, and impact of technology on what is recorded, as well as the questions of collaborative authorship and of “sharing knowledge.”

    • Themes:

      Information technology

    • Public URL:

      http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/globalsouth.5.2.154

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Meskell, L. & Scheermeyer, C. (2008) Heritage as Therapy: Set Pieces from the New South Africa. IN Journal of Material Culture, 13. 153–173.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Meskell, L. & Scheermeyer, C. (2008) Heritage as Therapy: Set Pieces from the New South Africa. IN Journal of Material Culture, 13. 153–173.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Meskell, Lynn AND Scheermeyer, Colette
      ISSN 1359-1835
      Journal Journal of Material Culture
      Language English
      Number 2
      Pages 153--173
      Title Heritage as Therapy: Set Pieces from the New South Africa
      Volume 13
      Year 2008
    • Abstract:

      Since the democratic dispensation in South Africa, heritage as a category has been necessarily framed by the specter of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, its place in wider society, the general underpinnings of amnesty, forgiveness and the desire to move forward as a nation. Human rights activism, truth commissions, and juridical proceedings are powerful mechanisms for dealing with historical trauma. More materially, South African cultural productions, including objects, memorials, museums, heritage sites and public spaces of commemoration provide another therapeutic arena. After 13 years of democracy, the material spaces of daily life provide a vantage point to examine how practices of remembering and forgetting pervade the public sphere and the world of things, and how traumatic embrace is configured to include (and exclude) certain constituencies as our case studies demonstrate. Spectacles of trauma and memory in the new South Africa are similarly shot through with other interventions including the pressures of state politics, development tactics and international tourism. Perhaps like never before, this 'state in search of a nation', has been under an international spotlight and has been held up as a beacon for other oppressive contexts and post-conflict states.

    • Themes:

      Cultural identity, Economic and social development, Policy making, Loss of cultural spaces

    • Country:

      South Africa

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mezey, N. (2007) The Paradoxes of Cultural Property. IN Columbia Law Review, 107. 2004–2046.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mezey, N. (2007) The Paradoxes of Cultural Property. IN Columbia Law Review, 107. 2004–2046.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mezey, Naomi
      ISSN 00101958
      Journal Columbia Law Review
      Language English
      month #dec#
      Note ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Dec., 2007 / Copyright © 2007 Columbia Law Review Association, Inc.
      Number 8
      Pages 2004--2046
      Title The Paradoxes of Cultural Property
      Volume 107
      Year 2007
    • Abstract:

      Many current cultural disputes sound in the legal language and logic of discrimination or hate speech. The focus of this Essay is on the claims made explicitly or implicitly on the basis of cultural property. The problem with using ideas of cultural property to resolve cultural disputes is that cultural property encourages an anemic theory of culture so that it can make sense as a form of property. Cultural property is a paradox because it places special value and legal protection on cultural products and artifacts but does so based on a sanitized and domesticated view of cultural production and identity. Within the logic of cultural property, each group possesses and controls--or ought to control--its own culture. This view of cultural property suggests a preservationist stance toward culture. This Essay argues against both of these assumptions and for a view of culture that takes account of its dynamisms, appropriations, hybridizations, and contaminations. As a corrective to the paradoxes of cultural property, this Essay offers a counternarrative of cultural fusion and hybridity. These themes are illustrated with an extended example of the regulation of Native American mascots generally and the invention of one such mascot--Chief Illiniwek--specifically.

    • Themes:

      Cultural identity, Intellectual property, Legislation, Social conflicts

    • Public URL:

      http://www.jstor.org/stable/40041756

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mgbeoji, I. (2001) Patents and Traditional Knowledge of the Uses of Plants: Is a Communal Patent Regime Part of the Solution to the Scourge of Bio Piracy? IN Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 9. 163–186.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mgbeoji, I. (2001) Patents and Traditional Knowledge of the Uses of Plants: Is a Communal Patent Regime Part of the Solution to the Scourge of Bio Piracy? IN Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, 9. 163–186.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mgbeoji, Ikechi
      ISSN 10800727
      Journal Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies
      Language English
      month #oct#
      Note ArticleType: research-article / Issue Title: Symposium: Sustainable Development, Agriculture, and the Challenge of Genetically Modified Organisms / Full publication date: Fall, 2001 / Copyright © 2001 Indiana University Press
      Number 1
      Pages 163--186
      Title Patents and Traditional Knowledge of the Uses of Plants: Is a Communal Patent Regime Part of the Solution to the Scourge of Bio Piracy?
      Volume 9
      Year 2001
    • Abstract:

      Since Filippo Bnmelleschi successfully ''blackmailed'' Florence into granting him a patent on the vessel "Bad alone", the patent -system has conquered the globe, reaching beyond Italian city-states to become an integral part of most legal systems. Brunelleschi's dramatic confrontation with the state, reflecting the perennial conflict between individual rights and the interests of society, is echoed in the philosophical and socio-Iegal heritage of the patent system generally. Given the European cultural milieu in which the patent system originated, the institutionalization of the patent law system in non-western societies has been both controversial and problematic.

    • Themes:

      Environment, Intellectual property, Indigenous peoples, Legislation, SDG 15: Life on Land

    • Public URL:

      http://www.jstor.org/stable/20643824

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mian, L. (2005) Paradox of ‘Non-material Culture LegacyProtection and New Path. IN Art /& Design, 1.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mian, L. (2005) Paradox of ‘Non-material Culture LegacyProtection and New Path. IN Art /& Design, 1.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mian, Lian
      Journal Art /& Design
      Language English
      Title Paradox of ‘Non-material Culture Legacy’Protection and New Path
      Volume 1
      Year 2005

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Millan, S. (2010) Patrimoine immatériel et diversité culturelle : deux énigmes pour l'anthropologie mexicaine. IN museums.ch, . 48–52.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Millan, S. (2010) Patrimoine immatériel et diversité culturelle : deux énigmes pour l'anthropologie mexicaine. IN museums.ch, . 48–52.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Millan, Saul
      Journal museums.ch
      Language French
      Number 5
      Pages 48--52
      Title Patrimoine immatériel et diversité culturelle : deux énigmes pour l'anthropologie mexicaine
      Year 2010
    • Abstract:

      Jusqu'aux années 1970, les grandes conventions de I'UNESCO avaient défini leur champ d'application suivant une vision extremement restreinte du patrimoine culturel, limité essentiellement a sa dimension archéologique. Au fil des années, I'UNESCO et ses pays membres comprirent que la notion de culture engageait des aspects immatériels; depuis 1972, la vision archéologique du patrimoine culturel fut peu a peu remplacée par une conception qui tend plutat vers I'anthropologie culturelle. Le concept de diversité culturelle a joué un rale décisif dans ce processus; iI a aussi permis I'exploration d'une possible substitution de I'ancienne notion de monument artistique et archéologique par la conception immatérielle du patrimoine culturel au sein, notamment, des législatures latino-américaines, dont la mexicaine.

    • Themes:

      2003 Convention genesis

    • Country:

      Mexico

    • Public URL:

      https://www.academia.edu/37291350/Patrimoine_immat%C3%A9riel_et_diversit%C3%A9_culturelle

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Min-zhong, H. (2005) On The Intangible Culture. IN Hebei Academic Journal, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Min-zhong, H. (2005) On The Intangible Culture. IN Hebei Academic Journal, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Min-zhong, Hu
      Journal Hebei Academic Journal
      Language English
      Title On The Intangible Culture
      Year 2005

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ming, L. (2007) The Legal Source of the Protection of the Ethnic Intangible Cultural Heritage of China. IN Ethno-National Studies, 3.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ming, L. (2007) The Legal Source of the Protection of the Ethnic Intangible Cultural Heritage of China. IN Ethno-National Studies, 3.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Ming, Li
      Journal Ethno-National Studies
      Language English
      Title The Legal Source of the Protection of the Ethnic Intangible Cultural Heritage of China
      Volume 3
      Year 2007
    • Abstract:

      The ethnic intangible cultural heritage is precious wealth which is left behind by the people's ancestor. It is also the symbol of existence, identification and development of the group. The perfect legal system about the ethnic intangible cultural heritage must be built up. The protection will be in effect only when the social relationships about the ethnic intangible cultural heritage are regulated by the means of the law and the right direction, and measure about the protection of the heritage are set according to the law. We must understand the base of its construction before we built up an effective system of the law. So, it is a necessary requirement and important premise for the construction of the law to straighten out the legal source.

    • Themes:

      Heritage institutions, Legislation, Minority groups

    • Country:

      China

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ministerio de Cultura de Bolivia. 2006. Plan de Acción del Salvaguarda del Carnaval de Oruro (Perspectivas, Alcances y Resultados de la Catalogación y Registro del Patrimonio Inmaterial).

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ministerio de Cultura de Bolivia. 2006. Plan de Acción del Salvaguarda del Carnaval de Oruro (Perspectivas, Alcances y Resultados de la Catalogación y Registro del Patrimonio Inmaterial).

    • Bibliographic data:

      vu
      Author {Ministerio de Cultura de Bolivia}
      Language Spanish
      Title Plan de Acción del Salvaguarda del Carnaval de Oruro (Perspectivas, Alcances y Resultados de la Catalogación y Registro del Patrimonio Inmaterial)
      Year 2006
    • Abstract:

      La exdirectora del Plan de Acción y Salvaguarda del Carnaval (Pasco), Verónica Llanque Ferrufino, explicó que la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y las Cultura (Unesco), cuenta con el único documento original sobre la investigación del Carnaval de Oruro, Obra Maestra del Patrimonio Oral e Intangible de la Humanidad. "Del documento original (sobre la investigación del Carnaval de Oruro) solo hubo cuatro tomos originales empastados, los mismos que fueron remitidos a la Unesco en Paris", manifestó la ex directora del Pasco, Verónica Llanque.

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ministerio de Cultura de Colombia (2007) Manual para la implementación del Proceso de Identificación y Recomendaciones de Salvaguarda Bogota, Colombie,

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ministerio de Cultura de Colombia (2007) Manual para la implementación del Proceso de Identificación y Recomendaciones de Salvaguarda Bogota, Colombie,

    • Bibliographic data:

      Postal address Bogota, Colombie
      vu
      Author {Ministerio de Cultura de Colombia}
      ISBN 978-958-8181-48-6
      Language Spanish
      Title Manual para la implementación del Proceso de Identificación y Recomendaciones de Salvaguarda
      Year 2007

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Ministerio de Cultura de Colombia. Normas generales para la Gestión, Protección y Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural en Colombia.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Ministerio de Cultura de Colombia. Normas generales para la Gestión, Protección y Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural en Colombia.

    • Bibliographic data:

      vu
      Author {Ministerio de Cultura de Colombia}
      Language Spanish
      Pages 74
      Title Normas generales para la Gestión, Protección y Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural en Colombia

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mire, S. (2007) Preserving knowledge, not objects: A Somali perspective for heritage management and archaeological research. IN African Archaeological Review, 24. 49–71.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mire, S. (2007) Preserving knowledge, not objects: A Somali perspective for heritage management and archaeological research. IN African Archaeological Review, 24. 49–71.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mire, Sada
      ISSN 0263-0338
      Journal African Archaeological Review
      Language English
      Number 3
      Pages 49--71
      Title Preserving knowledge, not objects: A Somali perspective for heritage management and archaeological research
      Volume 24
      Year 2007
    • Abstract:

      This article argues that the Somali people have a distinctive view on heritage and a different approach to its preservation relevant to their society. It suggests that a locally appropriate theoretical framework for heritage management and archaeological research can only be achieved if this local approach is taken into consideration and integrated into archaeological and heritage methodologies. The lack of qualified Somalis and indigenous perspectives in the archaeological research and heritage management policies characterizes Somali cultural heritage and archaeological research history. This research shows that previous approaches that have been pursued lacked dialogue and incorporation of local views of heritage practice. This lack of dialogue has been of paramount importance for the failure of the preservation of Somali cultural heritage, evident both in the previous neglect of its preservation and in the current looting and destruction of archaeological sites in Somaliland, Puntland and south-central Somalia. It is demonstrated how Somali indigenous perspectives are concurring and contributing to world heritage management and archaeological research methods. I suggest that any heritage work must integrate local approaches and trained local groups should lead archaeological research and heritage management in order to achieve sustainable development and self-representation.

    • Themes:

      Community participation, Indigenous peoples, Policy making

    • Country:

      Somalia

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Miri, R. Objectifs et méthodes d’inventaire du patrimoine culturel immatériel au Maroc. IN De l’immatérialité du patrimoine culturel, . 79.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Miri, R. Objectifs et méthodes d’inventaire du patrimoine culturel immatériel au Maroc. IN De l’immatérialité du patrimoine culturel, . 79.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Miri, Rahma
      Journal De l’immatérialité du patrimoine culturel
      Language French
      Pages 79
      Title Objectifs et méthodes d’inventaire du patrimoine culturel immatériel au Maroc
    • Abstract:

      La prise de conscience par le ministère de la Culture de l’importance du patrimoine culturel immatériel est relativement récente. Après la restructuration dela direction du patrimoine culturel en 2006, le service de l’inventaire du patrimoine immatériel a été recréé. Il a pour missions d’identifier, faire connaître, préserver et mettre en valeur le patrimoine culturel immatériel (PCI). La ratification du Maroc de la Convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel immatériel de 2003 a renforcé l’intérêt porté à l’opération de l’inventaireétant donné qu’elle répond à la mise en œuvre de la convention (article 12 qui stipule que les inventaires doivent être dressés pour assurer l’identification en vue de la sauvegarde). Dans cette perspective, la direction du patrimoine culturel, par le biais de la division de l’inventaire et de la documentation du patrimoine, a misau point un guide méthodologique d’inventaire visant à recenser et documenter, d’une manière systématique, les divers éléments du patrimoine culturel aussi bienmatériel qu’immatériel

    • Themes:

      Inventorying

    • Country:

      Morocco

    • Public URL:

      https://www.academia.edu/4058994/De_limmaterialite_du_patrimoine_culturel

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Misra, K. (2005) Indigenous knowledge, natural resource management and development: the Konda Reddi experience Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Misra, K. (2005) Indigenous knowledge, natural resource management and development: the Konda Reddi experience Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Misra, Kamal
      ISBN 81-7702-111-7
      Language English
      Publisher Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya
      Title Indigenous knowledge, natural resource management and development: the Konda Reddi experience
      Volume 2
      Year 2005
    • Themes:

      Environment, Indigenous peoples

    • Country:

      India

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Miura, K. (2005) Conservation of a living heritage site; A contradiction in terms? A case study of Angkor World Heritage Site. IN Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, 7. 3–18.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Miura, K. (2005) Conservation of a living heritage site; A contradiction in terms? A case study of Angkor World Heritage Site. IN Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, 7. 3–18.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Miura, Keiko
      ISSN 1350-5033
      Journal Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites
      Language English
      Number 1
      Pages 3--18
      Title Conservation of a living heritage site; A contradiction in terms? A case study of Angkor World Heritage Site
      Volume 7
      Year 2005
    • Abstract:

      This article considers the notion of ‘living heritage’ in the light of a case study of Angkor World Heritage site. It demonstrates the gulf between the old conservation approach of freezing an idealized past for the interest of outsiders and the need for a new approach that incorporates the idea of making the site ‘living’. The key stakeholders of Angkor, the local inhabitants, are excluded from their social space, heritage and policy-making. The concept of conservation has been challenged by this community, which is also encouraged to develop the site and maintain it as a ‘living‘ place. The article explores a new conservation ethic and management approach that is mere dynamic, peeple-centred and future-oriented.

    • Themes:

      Community participation, Loss of cultural spaces

    • Country:

      Cambodia

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mlis, Y. N. (2005) Folklore requirements for bibliographic records: Oral traditions and FRBR. IN Cataloging /& classification quarterly, 39. 179–195.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mlis, Y. N. (2005) Folklore requirements for bibliographic records: Oral traditions and FRBR. IN Cataloging /& classification quarterly, 39. 179–195.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mlis, Yann Nicolas
      ISSN 0163-9374
      Journal Cataloging /& classification quarterly
      Language English
      Number 3-4
      Pages 179--195
      Title Folklore requirements for bibliographic records: Oral traditions and FRBR
      Volume 39
      Year 2005
    • Abstract:

      The treatment of bibliographic information in library catalogues is biased by the primacy of printed written resources. This legitimate bias hinders oral tradition resources from being accurately described and accessed. This kind of resources is important in any society, but central in indigenous societies, at least for the comprehension of the printed written resources of these societies. The FRBR Model allows a better treatment of oral tradition works, versions and items. It can express the essential fact that oral traditions works are independent even when their manifestations are not, collective and not anonymous, plural but not impossible to grasp. One deep doubt remains concerning the compatibility of the FRBR notion of expression and the notion of version.

    • Themes:

      Indigenous peoples, Nonformal education, Oral traditions and expressions

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mo, L. (2008) The Role of the Library in the Protection of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. IN Library Work and Study, 1.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mo, L. (2008) The Role of the Library in the Protection of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. IN Library Work and Study, 1.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mo, Liu
      Journal Library Work and Study
      Language English
      Title The Role of the Library in the Protection of the Intangible Cultural Heritage
      Volume 1
      Year 2008
    • Abstract:

      On the basis of introducing the importance of protecting the Intangible Cultural Heritage,this article points that the library should take part in the protection and transmission of the Intangible Cultural Heritage.By exploiting and arranging the Intangible Cultural Heritage,the library should materialize the Living Culture into visible document,build the protecting and using system of the Intangible Cultural Heritage,and develop the function of propaganda and extension effectively.

    • Themes:

      Nonformal education

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mogadham, V. & Bagheritari, M. (2007) Cultures, Conventions, and the Human Rights of Women: Examining the Convention for Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage, and the Declaration on Cultural Diversity. IN Museum International, 59.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mogadham, V. & Bagheritari, M. (2007) Cultures, Conventions, and the Human Rights of Women: Examining the Convention for Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage, and the Declaration on Cultural Diversity. IN Museum International, 59.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mogadham, Valentine AND Bagheritari, Manilee
      Title Cultures, Conventions, and the Human Rights of Women: Examining the Convention for Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage, and the Declaration on Cultural Diversity
      Journal Museum International
      Year 2007
      Language English
      Volume 59
      Number 4
    • Themes:

      Cultural identity, Gender issues, SDG 5: Gender Equality, Other international framework

    • Suggested by:

      Simone Toji (2019-10-18)

    • Public URL:

      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1468-0033.2007.00618.x?instName=University+of+St+Andrews&needAccess=true&journalCode=rmil20

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mohale, G. 2010. “Oral traditions not for Archives: The case of Lobolo”. Reflections on the Draft Heritage Transformation Charter. Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mohale, G. 2010. “Oral traditions not for Archives: The case of Lobolo”. Reflections on the Draft Heritage Transformation Charter. Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mohale, Gabriele
      Language English
      Publisher Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand
      Title “Oral traditions not for Archives: The case of Lobolo”. Reflections on the Draft Heritage Transformation Charter
      Year 2010
    • Abstract:

      The orally transmitted tradition of Lobolo is a common and widely practiced cultural tradition and an established marriage institution within African societies in Southern Africa, differing only in terms and minor variations of practice. Lobolo therefore has the status of being an intangible heritage and is acknowledged as such by South Africa’s National Heritage Resource Act of 1999. Its role in society today on the one hand and its oral way of transmission on the other has placed it in the center of an ongoing post-colonial discourse, particularly around the standing of the African intangible heritage in post-1994 South Africa. The Heritage Transformation Charter, following its mandate by the National Heritage Council, intended to attend to and correct existing imbalances in the Heritage sector and its institutions. It also aimed to identify and establish ways for the preservation and continuation of African heritage. The study reviews the literature on Lobolo, highlighting the ways in which it has been described as a multifaceted cultural and social institution. In consideration of these findings it critically engages in a discussion of the Draft Heritage Transformation Charter, to assess its acknowledgement of the characteristics of living heritage. In doing so the study probes the ability of a policy guiding document such as the Heritage Transformation Charter, to accommodate and guide the survival of oral traditions such as Lobolo, as part of the intangible heritage of South Africa.

    • Themes:

      Oral traditions and expressions

    • Country:

      South Africa

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Moncusi, A. & Santamarina, B. 2008. Bueno para comer, bueno para patrimonializar. La propuesta de la cocina mexicana como patrimonio inmaterial de la humanidad.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Moncusi, A. & Santamarina, B. 2008. Bueno para comer, bueno para patrimonializar. La propuesta de la cocina mexicana como patrimonio inmaterial de la humanidad.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Postal address Barcelona, Icaria
      Author Moncusi, Albert AND Santamarina, Beatriz
      Book title Identidades en el plato. El patrimonio cultural alimentario entre América y Europa
      Editor(s) Álvarez, Marcelo and Medina, Francisco-Xavier
      Language Spanish
      Pages 127--142
      Title Bueno para comer, bueno para patrimonializar. La propuesta de la cocina mexicana como patrimonio inmaterial de la humanidad
      Year 2008
    • Abstract:

      Dans cet article, les auteurs s'intéressent au refus, en 2005, de l'inclusion de la gastronomie méxicaine dans la Liste du Patrimoine Culturel Immatériel de l'Humanité. Dans le but de réveler quelles sont les logiques qui animent les processus de patrimonialisation, l''analyse porte sur le discours prononcé à Paris pour la défense de la candidature méxicaine. Selon les auteurs, cette question est d'autant plus pertinente à l'heure où le tourisme agit de plus en plus comme moteur des processus de patrimonialisation. L'article est structuré en trois parties: 1. Le discours en défense du dossier, 2. Le patrimoine gastronomique comme patrimoine de l'humanité (problèmes, risques et paradoxes), 3. Conclusions

    • Themes:

      Food

    • Country:

      Mexico

    • Related to one or more inscribed elements:

      Traditional Mexican cuisine - ancestral, ongoing community culture, the Michoacán paradigm

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Montecino Aguerre, S. 2008. Estado del arte del patrimonio cultural inmaterial en Chile.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Montecino Aguerre, S. 2008. Estado del arte del patrimonio cultural inmaterial en Chile.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Montecino Aguerre, Sonia
      Book title Estado del arte del patrimonio cultural inmaterial
      Editor(s) {Crespial}
      Language Spanish
      Pages 199--233
      Title Estado del arte del patrimonio cultural inmaterial en Chile
      Year 2008
    • Abstract:

      Reúne estudios sobre el estado del arte del PCI en los países integrantes del CRESPIAL: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador y Perú, con los antecedentes de cada uno, asi como el marco legal del PCI, situación de la firma de la Convención para la Salvaguardia del PCI, políticas culturales relacionadas al PCI, y acción de instituciones públicas y privadas que trabajan alrededor del PCI

    • Public URL:

      http://www.crespial.org/new/public_files/pci-chile.pdf

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Montiel, E. (2010) El Poder de la cultura : recurso estratégico del desarrollo durable y la gobernanza democrática Lima, Perú, Fondo de Cultura Económica.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Montiel, E. (2010) El Poder de la cultura : recurso estratégico del desarrollo durable y la gobernanza democrática Lima, Perú, Fondo de Cultura Económica.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Postal address Lima, Perú
      Author Montiel, Edgar
      ISBN 978-9972-663-62-8
      Language Spanish
      Publisher Fondo de Cultura Económica
      Title El Poder de la cultura : recurso estratégico del desarrollo durable y la gobernanza democrática
      Year 2010

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Moran, J. M. (2008) Legal Means for Protecting the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indigenous People in a Post-Colonial World. IN Holy Cross JL /& Pub. Pol'y, 12. 71.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Moran, J. M. (2008) Legal Means for Protecting the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indigenous People in a Post-Colonial World. IN Holy Cross JL /& Pub. Pol'y, 12. 71.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Moran, Jessica Myers
      Journal Holy Cross JL /& Pub. Pol'y
      Language English
      Pages 71
      Title Legal Means for Protecting the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indigenous People in a Post-Colonial World
      Volume 12
      Year 2008
    • Themes:

      Indigenous peoples, Legislation

    • Public URL:

      https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?collection=journals&handle=hein.journals/hcjlpp12&id=71&men_tab=srchresults

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Morel, H. (2011) "Milonga que va borrando fronteras". Las políticas del patrimonio: un análisis del tango y su declaración como patrimonio cultural inmaterial de la humanidad. IN Intersecciones en Antropología, 12. 163–174.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Morel, H. (2011) "Milonga que va borrando fronteras". Las políticas del patrimonio: un análisis del tango y su declaración como patrimonio cultural inmaterial de la humanidad. IN Intersecciones en Antropología, 12. 163–174.

    • Bibliographic data:

      vu
      Author Morel, Hernán
      ISSN 1666-2105
      Journal Intersecciones en Antropología
      Language Spanish
      Number 1
      Pages 163--174
      Title "Milonga que va borrando fronteras". Las políticas del patrimonio: un análisis del tango y su declaración como patrimonio cultural inmaterial de la humanidad
      Volume 12
      Year 2011
    • Abstract:

      En este trabajo analizaremos algunos aspectos de las estrategias de desarrollo vinculadas a la integración de esferas culturales. En particular, luego del neoliberalismo de la década del noventa, una nueva estrategia en la agenda del desarrollo destaca la puesta en valor de la diversidad cultural y los patrimonios locales. De este modo, en el marco de las políticas patrimoniales se consolidan nuevas conceptualizaciones y formas de gestión en torno al denominado “Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial”. Sin embargo, estos impulsos coexisten con procesos de mercantilización que resignifican el valor de dicho patrimonio a la luz de ciertos intereses del presente. Sobre la base de estos lineamientos, nos interesa abordar la revalorización del tango en su articulación con políticas oficiales en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Específicamente, en este trabajo nos proponemos analizar la activación y la construcción patrimonial del tango a partir de la reciente declaratoria emanada desde el organismo internacional de la UNESCO que instituye al tango como “Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de la Humanidad”. De esta forma, observamos las dimensiones políticas y los efectos de poder que estas activaciones patrimoniales suponen.

    • Themes:

      Cultural diplomacy

    • Related to one or more inscribed elements:

      Tango

    • Public URL:

      http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=179522601013

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Moreras Palenzuela, J. (2005) El patrimonio en un contexto urbano multicultural : el caso de Ciutat Vella de Barcelona. IN PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Moreras Palenzuela, J. (2005) El patrimonio en un contexto urbano multicultural : el caso de Ciutat Vella de Barcelona. IN PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Moreras Palenzuela, Jordi
      Editor(s) {Junta de Andalucía} and {Consejería de Cultura.} and {Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico}
      ISSN 84-8266-567-7
      Journal PH Cuadernos, Patrimonio inmaterial y gestión de la diversidad
      Language Spanish
      Number 17
      Title El patrimonio en un contexto urbano multicultural : el caso de Ciutat Vella de Barcelona
      Year 2005
    • Themes:

      Cities

    • Country:

      Spain

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Morisset, L. K. & Noppen, L. (2011) Le patrimoine immatériel : une arme à tranchants multiples.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Morisset, L. K. & Noppen, L. (2011) Le patrimoine immatériel : une arme à tranchants multiples.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Morisset, Lucie K. AND Noppen, Luc
      Language French
      Title Le patrimoine immatériel : une arme à tranchants multiples
      Year 2011
    • Abstract:

      Un certain nombre d’événements survenus et d’écrits commis depuis notre chronique du printemps 2004 nous incitent aujourd’hui à revenir sur cette notion de « patrimoine immatériel » qui accapare chaque jour une part grandissante de l’investissement collectif dans la valorisation culturelle. Voilà en effet que le patrimoine pourrait nuire au tourisme qui le sustente. Le « patrimoine immatériel », selon l’UNESCO, renvoie aux « pratiques, représentations et expressions, les connaissances et savoir-faire que les communautés et les groupes et, dans certains cas, les individus, reconnaissent comme partie intégrante de leur patrimoine culturel ». Ce corpus, dont la noble institution culturelle mondialisante nous apprend qu’on l’appelle parfois « patrimoine culturel vivant », engloberait les traditions et expressions orales, y compris la langue en tant que véhicule pour le patrimoine culturel immatériel ; les arts du spectacle ; les pratiques sociales, rituels et événements festifs ; les connaissances et pratiques concernant la nature et l’univers [et] les savoir-faire liés à l’artisanat traditionnel (UNESCO, 2003a : 2). En dépit des prétentions de l’UNESCO selon qui le « patrimoine immatériel » serait « garant du développement durable » (UNESCO, 2003 : 1) (autre thème bien à la mode), c’est tout le contraire, donc, qui se produira. D’abord parce que, comme nous venons de le voir, la notion de patrimoine immatériel, plutôt que de proposer une gestion efficace de la ressource (le patrimoine ou la culture), invalide l’unique modèle connu qui assure le développement de celle-ci, en l’occurrence le tourisme. Ensuite et surtout parce que, même en prenant appui sur le prétexte de la diversification de l’offre touristique pour s’épanouir, le patrimoine immatériel draine l’énergie que l’on consacrerait autrement, justement, à la ressource véritable : le patrimoine matériel. Le patrimoine immatériel n’est, lui, qu’un oxymoron, au mieux une confusion, entre un objet… et son interprétation. Le patrimoine immatériel, à défaut de topos et du fait d’une accessibilité amplifiée par la vogue actuelle de la locution, finira par confiner l’activité touristique au dépaysement local. Pratiques, connaissances et savoir-faire, croyances, rites et religions, éminemment délocalisables, doivent impérativement séduire, on le comprendra, ethnologues, folkloristes, sociologues, sémiologues et autres chasseurs de mythes. Mais le promoteur touristique ? Rien n’est moins sûr.

    • Themes:

      Tourism

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Morsi, A. (2005) Research and Preservation Projects on Intangible Heritage. IN Museum International, 57. 61–66.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Morsi, A. (2005) Research and Preservation Projects on Intangible Heritage. IN Museum International, 57. 61–66.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Morsi, Ahmed
      ISSN 1468-0033
      Journal Museum International
      Language English
      Number 1?2
      Pages 61--66
      Title Research and Preservation Projects on Intangible Heritage
      Volume 57
      Year 2005
    • Country:

      Egypt

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mou, Y. & Wu, A. (2008) Government's Leading position and Duty in Preservation of Intangible Culture Heritage. IN Modern Law Science, 1.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mou, Y. & Wu, A. (2008) Government's Leading position and Duty in Preservation of Intangible Culture Heritage. IN Modern Law Science, 1.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mou, Yan-lin AND Wu, An-xin
      Journal Modern Law Science
      Language English
      Title Government's Leading position and Duty in Preservation of Intangible Culture Heritage
      Volume 1
      Year 2008
    • Abstract:

      Intangible culture heritage is in urgent need of protection.While the government is playing a leading role in preservation of intangible culture heritage,it is taken for granted that the government is accountable for the work.Taking no accountability,government's power might be misused or even abused because of absence of constraint.Therefore,to examine the preservation of intangible culture heritage from the perspective of duty and demarcate government's accountability is an urgent task.

    • Country:

      China

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Moulin, J. (2003) Contribution à la connaissance du cheval et du meneur de techniques de randonnée équestre de compétition (T.R.E.C.) en atelage attelage. PhD Thesis[S.l.],

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Moulin, J. (2003) Contribution à la connaissance du cheval et du meneur de techniques de randonnée équestre de compétition (T.R.E.C.) en atelage attelage. PhD Thesis[S.l.],

    • Bibliographic data:

      Postal address [S.l.]
      Author Moulin, Joanna
      Richard, Yves
      Language French
      Université Claude Bernard (Lyon)
      Title Contribution à la connaissance du cheval et du meneur de techniques de randonnée équestre de compétition (T.R.E.C.) en atelage attelage
      type Thèse d'exercice
      Year 2003
    • Country:

      France

    • Related to one or more inscribed elements:

      Equitation in the French tradition

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Moylan, E. 2006. Developing spatial representations of cultural landscape elements in conceptualizing intangible heritage: a case study at Angkor World Heritage Site.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Moylan, E. 2006. Developing spatial representations of cultural landscape elements in conceptualizing intangible heritage: a case study at Angkor World Heritage Site.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Moylan, Elisabeth
      Language English
      Pages 17--22
      Title Developing spatial representations of cultural landscape elements in conceptualizing intangible heritage: a case study at Angkor World Heritage Site
      Year 2006
    • Themes:

      1972 Convention

    • Country:

      Cambodia

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mtonga, M. (2006) Gule Wamkulu as a Multi?state Enterprise. IN Museum International, 58. 59–67.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mtonga, M. (2006) Gule Wamkulu as a Multi?state Enterprise. IN Museum International, 58. 59–67.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mtonga, Mapopa
      ISSN 1468-0033
      Journal Museum International
      Language English
      Number 1?2
      Pages 59--67
      Title Gule Wamkulu as a Multi?state Enterprise
      Volume 58
      Year 2006
    • Themes:

      Cultural identity, Knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe, Rapid sociocultural change, SDG 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions

    • Country:

      Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia

    • Related to one or more inscribed elements:

      Gule Wamkulu

    • Public URL:

      https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1468-0033.2006.00551.x

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Müller, L. (2008) Intangible and tangible landscapes: an anthropological perspective based on a South African case study.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Müller, L. (2008) Intangible and tangible landscapes: an anthropological perspective based on a South African case study.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Müller, Liana
      Language English
      Title Intangible and tangible landscapes: an anthropological perspective based on a South African case study
      Year 2008
    • Abstract:

      The relationship between landscape and culture, or landscape and memory,represents a developing discourse in anthropological and other cross-disciplinary fields. During the late nineties, tangible and intangible aspects of culture became more prominent in anthropological discussions. The current a global movement towards a unified vision of landscape focuses on the integration of culture and nature and incorporates the conservation of the identities of people and places.Within the development industry in South Africa, the concept and realities concerning the preservation of intangible heritage are still misunderstood, with conservation policies largely ignoring the role of memory and meaning. Formal training as a landscape architect focussed the researcher on the physical and spatial aspects of landscape. Subsequent training in the anthropological field added a unique dimension to the studies of landscape. Through qualitative anthropological fieldwork methods it became possible to access its intangible aspects. These intangible values of meaning, memory, lived experience and attachment, in relation to people&s connection to locality and landscape, were traced back to the tangible fabric of place. 'n this paper, the researcher will attempt to illustrate with a case study the complexity of interpreting intangible landscape and its relation to the tangible fabric, specifically focussing on the role of memory.

    • Themes:

      Environment

    • Country:

      South Africa

    • Public URL:

      https://www.academia.edu/7936805/Intangible_and_Tangible_Landscapes_an_Anthropological_Perspective_based_on_a_South_African_case_study

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Mulligan, S. & Stoett, P. (2000) A Global Bioprospecting Regime: Partnership or Piracy? IN International Journal, 55. 224–246.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Mulligan, S. & Stoett, P. (2000) A Global Bioprospecting Regime: Partnership or Piracy? IN International Journal, 55. 224–246.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Mulligan, Shane AND Stoett, Peter
      ISSN 00207020
      Journal International Journal
      Language English
      month #apr#
      Note ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Spring, 2000 / Copyright © 2000 Canadian International Council
      Number 2
      Pages 224--246
      Title A Global Bioprospecting Regime: Partnership or Piracy?
      Volume 55
      Year 2000
    • Themes:

      Convention on Biological Diversity, Environment

    • Public URL:

      http://www.jstor.org/stable/40203478

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Munjeri, D. (2000) Intangible heritage in Africa: could it be a case of “much ado about nothing”? IN ICOMOS Newsletter, March–July, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Munjeri, D. (2000) Intangible heritage in Africa: could it be a case of “much ado about nothing”? IN ICOMOS Newsletter, March–July, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Munjeri, Dawson
      Journal ICOMOS Newsletter, March–July
      Language English
      Title Intangible heritage in Africa: could it be a case of “much ado about nothing”?
      Year 2000
    • Themes:

      Heritage institutions

    • Public URL:

      https://www.icomos.org/victoriafalls2003/munjeri_eng.htm

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Munjeri, D. (2004) Tangible and Intangible Heritage: from difference to convergence. IN Museum International, .

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Munjeri, D. (2004) Tangible and Intangible Heritage: from difference to convergence. IN Museum International, .

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Munjeri, Dawson
      Journal Museum International
      Language English,Arabic,French,Korean,Spanish
      Title Tangible and Intangible Heritage: from difference to convergence
      Year 2004
    • Themes:

      Heritage institutions

    • Public URL:

      https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000135853 (2012-04-26)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Munjeri, D. (2009) Following the length and breadth of the roots. IN Intangible heritage, . 131.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Munjeri, D. (2009) Following the length and breadth of the roots. IN Intangible heritage, . 131.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Munjeri, Dawson
      ISSN 0415473969
      Journal Intangible heritage
      Language English
      Pages 131
      Title Following the length and breadth of the roots
      Year 2009
    • Themes:

      2003 Convention genesis

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

  • Muñoz Viñas, S. (2005) Contemporary theory of conservation Elsevier.

    • Bibliographic citation:

      Muñoz Viñas, S. (2005) Contemporary theory of conservation Elsevier.

    • Bibliographic data:

      Author Muñoz Viñas, Salvador
      Title Contemporary theory of conservation
      Publisher Elsevier
      Year 2005
    • Abstract:

      Classical theories of conservation are well known in the heritage community, but in the last two decades thinking has shifted, and classical theory has faced increasing criticism. Contemporary Theory of Conservation brings together current ideas in conservation theory, presenting a structured, coherent analysis of the subject for the first time. Muñoz Viñas "contemporary theory" focuses on "conservation as a means, and not an end in itself. It is a way of maintaining and reinforcing the meanings in an object; it is even a means through which the appreciation for what an object symbolizes is expressed.” In this sense, the author foregrounds sociocultural and experiential meanings and values as core principles in the heritage conservation field over the innate value of object or its fabric.

    • Themes:

      Awareness-raising, Ethics, Heritage institutions, Museums, Unintended outcomes

    • Suggested by:

      Jeremy Wells (2019-11-13)

    The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

The designations employed and the presentation in the texts and documents referenced in this bibliography do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

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