Le chapei Dang Veng

    

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Inscrit en 2016 (11.COM) sur la Liste du patrimoine immatériel nécessitant une sauvegarde urgente

Le chapei Dang Veng est une tradition musicale cambodgienne étroitement liée à la vie, aux coutumes et aux croyances de la population cambodgienne. Elle est pratiquée avec un chapei (sorte de luth souvent utilisé à l’occasion des festivals culturels) accompagné par le chant. Les paroles des chansons peuvent être éducatives avec une dimension sociale mais aussi satiriques, tout en intégrant des poèmes traditionnels, des contes populaires ou des histoires inspirées du bouddhisme. Cette tradition a plusieurs fonctions dans les communautés cambodgiennes : préservation des rituels traditionnels, transmission des connaissances et des valeurs sociales, culturelles et religieuses, exposition à la langue khmère ancienne, création d’un espace d’expression sur les questions sociales et politiques, divertissement, rapprochement des générations et renforcement de la cohésion sociale. La tradition nécessite un talent musical, de l’esprit, des qualités d’improvisation et de conteur. Si les praticiens sont souvent des hommes, aucune restriction de genre ne régit la pratique du chapei. Transmise oralement au sein des familles et dans le cadre d’une relation informelle maître-apprenti, cette forme artistique est pratiquée par un nombre de plus en plus restreint d’artistes. Peu de maîtres sont encore en vie. Le régime khmer rouge a décimé la population de détenteurs et brisé la transmission de la pratique avec des conséquences à long terme, la tradition pouvant potentiellement disparaitre.

Rapport périodique

Rapport sur l'état d'un élément inscrit sur la liste du patrimoine culturel immatériel nécessitant une sauvegarde urgente

A. Page de couverture

A.1.

État partie

Nom de l'État partie

Cambodge

A.2.

Date du dépôt de l'instrument de ratification, d'acceptation, d'approbation ou d'adhésion

Elle peut être consultée en ligne.

Date of deposit of the instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession

2006-06-13

A.3.

Élément inscrit sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente qui fait l'objet du présent rapport

Nom de l'élément

Chapei Dang Veng

Inscrit en

2016

État(s) soumissionnaire(s)

Cambodge

A.4.

Période considérée dans le présent rapport

Veuillez indiquer la période couverte par le présent rapport.

A.5.

Autres éléments inscrits sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente, le cas échéant

Veuillez établir une liste de tous les autres éléments présents sur le territoire de votre pays qui sont inscrits sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente et indiquer en quelle année ils y ont été inscrits ; pour ce qui est des éléments multinationaux, veuillez indiquer quels autres États sont concernés.

Other elements inscribed on the Urgent Safeguarding List, if any

Le lkhon khol de Wat Svay Andet (2018)

A.6.

Synthèse du rapport

Veuillez fournir une synthèse du rapport, qui permette au grand public de comprendre l'état actuel de l'élément, mentionne toute incidence positive ou négative de son inscription et fasse état des mesures de sauvegarde mises en œuvre pendant la période considérée et leur possible mise à jour les années suivantes.

A.7.

Personne à contacter pour la correspondance

Donnez le nom, l'adresse et les coordonnées d'une personne à qui toute correspondance concernant le rapport doit être adressée.

Titre (Mme/M., etc.)

Nom de famille

Prénom

Institution/fonction

Adresse

Numéro de téléphone

Adresse électronique

Autres informations pertinentes

B. État de l'élément inscrit sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente

Veuillez vous référer au dossier de candidature ou aux précédents rapports, le cas échéant, pour savoir quand établir un rapport sur l'état actuel de l'élément et ne rendez compte que des changements pertinents survenus depuis la date de son inscription sur la Liste ou depuis le précédent rapport. Les dossiers de candidature, les calendriers spécifiques et les précédents rapports, le cas échéant, sont disponibles à l'adresse suivante : https://ich.unesco.org ou peuvent être demandés au Secrétariat.

L'État partie s'efforce de prêter une attention particulière au rôle du genre et d'assurer la plus large participation possible des communautés, des groupes et, le cas échéant, des individus concernés ainsi que des organisations non gouvernementales pertinentes pendant le processus de préparation de ce rapport ; il lui est demandé au point D ci-dessous de décrire de quelle manière il y est parvenu.

B.1.

Fonctions sociales et culturelles

Expliquez les fonctions, les significations sociales et culturelles de l'élément aujourd'hui, au sein et pour ces communautés, les caractéristiques de ses détenteurs et de ses praticiens et décrivez, entre autres, toute catégorie de personnes exerçant un rôle ou des responsabilités spécifiques vis-à-vis de l'élément. Une attention particulière devrait être accordée à tout changement pertinent susceptible d'avoir des répercussions sur le critère d’inscription U.1 (« L’élément est constitutif du patrimoine culturel immatériel tel que défini à l'article 2 de la Convention »).

Social and cultural functions

Chapei Dang Veng, a popular Cambodian musical tradition, is deeply intertwined with the customs and beliefs of its people. The Chapei, from which the tradition takes its name, can be played to accompany a solo singer or as part of a musical ensemble, namely three ancient types of music: Pleng Araek (music often associated with ritualistic or spiritual practices), Pleng Kar Boran (Classical Wedding Music), and Pleng Mahori Preah Reach Trop (Royal Traditional Leisure Music). Chapei is also used as a communication medium, widely recognized and appreciated by a large public audience. The repertoire of lyrics sung in Khmer is diverse, ranging from social commentary and education to satire. Chapei repertoires include reciting traditional didactic poems, narrating folk tales, and Buddhist stories. Performances are often comedic in nature, embedded within lyrics that aim to amuse the audience. One variation of this tradition is called Chhlong Chhloey (Call and Response), where two or more performers engage in a back-and-forth exchange of statements or commentary, often humorous. Chapei, as a musical tradition, is also performed during traditional recounting ceremonies and festivals such as Bon Kathin (Buddhist Robe Offering Ceremony), Bon Bachay Boun (the Four Buddhist Blessings Ritual), Pithi Bombous Neak (Buddhist Ordination Ceremony), Bon Pchum Ben (Ancestor’s Day), Bon Chamrouen Preah Chon (Ritual for the Development of Human Life), Bon Tekkhina Borthean (Traditional Ritual of Offerings), Bon Kathanyoo (a traditional Buddhist ritual), Bon Dalann (Ritual for Good Fortune and Prosperity), Bon Chhlong Chedei (Ceremony marking the passage to a stupa or Buddhist shrine) and Bon Chhlong Salar/wat (Ceremony for attaining spiritual benefits at a pagoda).

Although there are no gender restrictions, the majority of Chapei performers are male. However, in recent times, Cambodia has witnessed an increase in the number of female Chapei players. Chapei players are not only musically adept but also witty, intelligent, quick-thinking, and skilled improvisers. Additionally, they should be well-versed in language, literature, poetry, and storytelling. Buddhist monks and pagodas play a special role in Chapei, as historically, monks have been the bearers of much of the cultural, religious, and historical knowledge contained within this art form. Pagodas provide spaces for players, teachers, and students of Chapei to congregate, discuss, and practice traditional Chapei repertoire. Chapei is an oral tradition transmitted from one generation to the next or through informal apprenticeships, where performers historically learned to sharpen their skills in master-student relationships. Chapei inspires its aficionados; well-known Chapei masters have been highly sought after by students eager to learn this art form and become professional performers themselves. This initiative to identify masters of Chapei is what makes this musical tradition unique.

While Chapei remains a vital part of Cambodian culture, it faces challenges in the modern era. The decline of traditional apprenticeship systems and the increasing influence of Western music pose threats to its sustainability. To address these challenges, efforts are being made to document and archive the tradition, establish formal training programs, and promote Chapei through public performances and festivals. By adapting to changing times while preserving its core values, Chapei can continue to thrive as a living cultural heritage.

B.2.

Analyse de sa viabilité et risques auxquels il est actuellement exposé

Décrivez le degré actuel de viabilité de l'élément, en particulier la fréquence et l'étendue de sa pratique, la vigueur des modes de transmission traditionnels, la composition démographique des praticiens et des publics, et sa durabilité. Veuillez aussi identifier et décrire les facteurs qui, le cas échéant, constituent une menace pour la pérennité de la transmission et de la représentation de l'élément et indiquez le degré de gravité et de proximité de tels facteurs, en accordant une attention particulière à tout renforcement ou affaiblissement de la viabilité de l'élément suite à son inscription.

Assessment of its viability and current risks

Current Level of Viability and Risks

Chapei has continued to thrive in Cambodian society despite challenges and difficulties. It has found new ways to be transmitted and appreciated. The powerful transmission with the advent of the digital age, especially during the post-pandemic era, has led to more performances and tutorial sessions appearing on social networks and media platforms. The ubiquity of the internet benefits the general public, giving them access to images and sounds that were hard to find publicly. Although its authenticity and originality might be compromised, Chapei still persists in local communities and the country as a whole.

Since the last report, there has been a notable increase in the number of Chapei performances at national and international arts events and festivals (Chapei was showcased during the opening ceremony of the 32nd SEA Games in 2023). Audiences can now access Chapei performances and training more easily through online platforms like YouTube, Facebook, or TikTok. The general population is well-acquainted with the look and melody of Chapei. Due to the current trend of pop music in Cambodia, young singers and composers are incorporating Chapei into their new songs, exposing it to a larger audience of mainstream pop music listeners.

Frequency and Extent of Practice
Practicing Chapei is a long-term process that requires time and commitment. Formal and informal training programs are conducted across the country to offer Chapei skills to enthusiasts and professionals. The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts (MCFA) and its subordinate departments, such as the Royal University of Fine Arts (RUFA) and the Secondary School of Fine Art, have designed Chapei classes to provide formal education about Chapei to young people. Since 2020, the Royal University of Fine Arts has offered Chapei as an elective subject at the undergraduate level, where both theory and practice are taught to 14 students. Additionally, the Secondary School of Fine Arts provides Chapei classes for young and talented enthusiasts to pursue their education as professional Chapei players. Furthermore, informal training programs are organized by communities, associations, and non-profit organizations across the country to teach Chapei skills to their communities and beyond. Examples include the Ponlok Thmey Chapei Dang Veng Association, the Community of Living Chapei, the Chapei Angkor Community and the Humanitarian Association for Khmer Culture.

Strength of Traditional Modes of Transmission
Traditional master-apprentice relationships are still actively implemented in Chapei communities. However, since the COVID-19 pandemic, Chapei associations, communities, and masters have started offering training courses to students and enthusiasts virtually. There has been a significant increase in Cambodian trainees living abroad who are interested in taking online Chapei lessons during their free time.

Demographics of Practitioners and Audiences and Its Sustainability
Majority of Chapei practitioners are based in Phnom Penh and surrounding regions. There are also practitioners in other provinces such as Kandal, Takeo, Prey Veng, Svay Rieng, Kompong Speu, Kompot, Bantey Meanchey, and other provinces along the Tonle Sap River region (Kampong Cham, Kampong Thom, Siem Reap, Battambang).
The audience for Chapei is spreading across the country, especially in urban areas, with a diverse age range. Due to current performance trends, particularly in pop music, which is popular among younger and urban audiences, Chapei is gaining wider recognition. At the same time, audiences in local communities continue to support traditional rituals and events that incorporate Chapei.

Threats
According to Chapei masters, bearers, and practitioners, there are some threats that may affect Chapei Dang Veng's practice standards and sustainability. The training of Chapei teachers is still insufficient, so a plan is needed to continue training teachers to be sufficiently qualified to teach according to educational standards. The lack of documentation on Chapei teaching standards is also a problem, leading to performances that sometimes deviate from original standards. Therefore, there have been many requests to compile documentation on Chapei standards, melodies, and ethical codes to serve as a standard reference for future teaching.

B.3.

Mise en œuvre des mesures de sauvegarde

Veuillez rendre compte des mesures de sauvegardes qui ont été décrites dans le dossier de candidature et dans un précédent rapport, le cas échéant. Décrivez de quelle manière elles ont été mises en œuvre et ont contribué de façon substantielle à la sauvegarde de l'élément au cours de la période considérée, en tenant compte des contraintes externes ou internes telles que des ressources limitées. Incluez en particulier des informations sur les mesures prises afin d'assurer la viabilité de l'élément en permettant à la communauté d'en poursuivre la pratique et la transmission. Fournissez les renseignements suivants en ce qui concerne la mise en œuvre de l’ensemble des mesures de sauvegarde ou du plan de sauvegarde :

B.3.a.

Objectifs et résultats

Indiquez quels objectifs principaux ont été atteints et quels résultats concrets ont été obtenus pendant la période considérée.

Objectives and results

The proposed safeguarding measures outlined in the nomination file for the recognition and preservation of Chapei Dang Veng have been successfully implemented with the active involvement of performers, cultural institutions, organizations, and key stakeholders. These efforts have been collaborative, bringing together several entities, including the Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts (MCFA), Cambodian Living Arts (CLA), the Community of Living Chapei (CLC), and other relevant civil society organizations. Below is an overview of the objectives and outcomes achieved through these safeguarding measures:

1. A Clear and More Systematic Understanding of Chapei as Observed from its Performers has been Developed
The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts, through its provincial departments, is actively engaged in updating and maintaining an inventory of Chapei resources across the country. Provincial departments of culture and fine arts play a critical role in this process by working directly with local communities, players, and cultural institutions to gather and document Chapei resources. This includes data on Chapei makers, performers, teachers, and cultural events where Chapei is featured. This inventory not only serves as a tool for the preservation of the Chapei traditional art form but also strengthens Cambodia's cultural identity and heritage in a global context. The data collected helps shape Cambodia's broader cultural policy and aids in the inclusion of Chapei within the Living Human Treasure System and other national cultural preservation programs.

2. Strengthening Transmission and Education
• Annual Chapei Competitions: Organized to preserve the national value and identity of Chapei, this competition contributes to social development and enhances national prestige.
• Chapei Training Programs: Conducted in selected provinces, these programs aim to strengthen the intangible cultural heritage within local communities.
• Documentary Film on “Chapei Dang Veng”: Produced under the “ICHCAP” project and showcased at the “1st Cambodian Asian Film Festival Awards,” this documentary highlights the rich tradition of Chapei Dang Veng.
• Chapei Content Creation: In collaboration with Chapei Masters, the Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts has developed and shared Chapei-related content on Facebook and YouTube, expanding its reach to a wider audience.

3. Increased Popularity and Public Awareness
• Encouraging collaboration with the private sector or corporations to facilitate Chapei performances within their programs. This could include events in supermarkets, shopping malls, or during product promotions.
• Supporting local Chapei groups within the country to develop programs that commemorate Chapei Day. Such initiatives aim to celebrate the recognition of Chapei as a World Intangible Cultural Heritage and to enhance awareness within their communities.
• Encouraging the private sector to create innovative cultural products or souvenirs that reflect the intangible cultural heritage of Cambodia, including Chapei, based on the principles of cultural industries.

4. Innovation and Development of Chapei
• Encouraging collaboration between companies and local players to create new performing arts that incorporate Chapei instruments alongside other musical instruments or genres. For instance, this approach can be exemplified by musician VannDa's hit song titled "Time to Rise" and the recent buzz on social media of the song "Seb Mon".
• Chapei player Master Meu Moeun, is a vital contribution to the preservation and promotion of Chapei, both within nationally and internationally. He could perform "Chapei" and sing it in English during the Water Festival in Siem Reap to attract more attention from foreign visitors. In February 2024, Master Meu Moeun took Chapei to the international stage, showcasing it at the 7th Buriram Rajabhat International Conference and Cultural Festival held at Buriram Rajabhat University in Thailand. He highlighted the Chapei and sang in English about the Krama, highlighting its significance in Khmer tradition and the role it plays in Khmer society, addressing participants from Malaysia, Indonesia, China, Mexico, Thailand, Laos, and the Philippines.

5. Systems are Established to Honor and Develop Talent in the Field
The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts is the government agency responsible for promoting and preserving the cultural heritage, including traditional arts and music. One of the key initiatives to recognize and honor the contributions of outstanding individuals to Cambodia's cultural heritage is the Living Human Treasure System. Living Human Treasure title is given to individuals who have demonstrated exceptional skill and dedication in preserving and promoting traditional cultural practices. In 2012, His Majesty Norodom Sihamoni, the King of Cambodia, bestowed the national honor upon 17 professional players. Among those honored, two of the key recipients were Master Kong Nai and Prach Chhuon, Chapei masters, who were celebrated for their roles in preserving and passing on the tradition of Chapei Dang Veng. Unfortunately, Master Prach Chhoun passed way in November 2018 and Kong Nai in June 2024. In 2023, among 9 Masters, Master El Pech, was recognized as a Living Human Treasure due to his exceptional mastery of Chapei.

B.3.b.

Activités de sauvegarde

Dressez la liste des principales activités menées au cours de la période considérée pour obtenir ces résultats escomptés. Veuillez décrire les activités en détail en mentionnant leur efficacité et tout problème rencontré dans leur mise en œuvre.

Safeguarding activities

The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts in Cambodia has been actively working to safeguard and preserve Chapei Dang Veng, a traditional Cambodian string instrument, as part of its broader efforts to protect cultural heritage. From 2021 to 2024, a variety of safeguarding activities have been implemented to ensure that this art form is passed on to future generations. Some key activities include:

1. Updating the Status of Chapei Players
Based on existing data from the inventory form of the Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts, the staff conducted surveys via connections with local governments, communities, and individuals to update the inventory of Chapei resources. In 2024, there were a total of 162 Chapei Dang Veng players across Cambodia, with 17 female players. This represents a growing but still relatively small group of performers dedicated to preserving and promoting this traditional Cambodian instrument.

All provinces are represented except for four provinces where information is lacking: Kratie, Koh Kong, Ratanakkiri, and Preah Vihear. The Chapei Dang Veng community in Cambodia is also experiencing some changes related to loss, relocation, and abandonment of certain players. Master Kong Nai (Living Human Treasure) of Kampot passed away in June 2024. Men Mao, a female player, is currently listed as abandoned in Siem Reap province. Mr. Tip Visal from Oddor Meanchey has relocated to Phnom Penh. Mr. Chum Saroeun from Mondulkiri has moved to Sihanoukville province.

In addition to the Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts (MCFA) and Cambodian Living Arts (CLA), associations, communities, and a foundation have been established to further support and preserve Chapei Dang Veng. These include the Community of Living Chapei, the Ponlok Thmey Chapei Dang Veng Association, the Chapei Angkor Community, and the Humanitarian Association for Khmer Culture (Kompong Speu Province). The Chapei Dang Veng Foundation was established with the support of monks and volunteer youth.

2. Education and Training
The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts organized Chapei Dang Veng training programs in Phnom Penh and various provinces, aiming to preserve and promote traditional Cambodian music. The program, which began in 2021, was conducted in multiple phases:
- In 2021, the program was launched in six provinces across Cambodia.
- In 2022-2023, the program continued in 3 provinces such as Phnom Penh, Kampong Speu and Siem Reap, due to the impact of Covid-19.
- In 2024, Chapei training programs were held in two locations:
+ Phnom Penh: 99 students participated under the guidance of Master Pich Sarat. MCFA collaborate with Chea Sim Chhouk Va High School to integrate Chapei Dang Veng into the curriculum, fostering its transmission to younger generations.
+Siem Reap: 5 students participated by Master Meu Moeun.
At the end of the training program, selected students were awarded Chapei instruments as an incentive, enabling them to continue practicing and preserving this traditional art form.

3. Broadcasting (social media and TV Show)
There has been some improvement in the promotion of the Chapei Festival between 2021 and 2023.
- 2021:
+ The Ministry's official Facebook page garnered over 97,300 views, indicating significant engagement with the online audience.
+ Traditional broadcast platforms such as National Cambodian Television (TVK), Hang Meas HD TV, CNN News, BTV News, and Khmer Times News were utilized to promote the festival, likely increasing visibility among local and international audiences.
- 2023:
+ The Ministry's official Facebook page continued to serve as a key promotional tool, reaching over 20,000 views for the Nationwide Chapei Dang Veng Festival. While this shows ongoing engagement, it is notably lower than the viewership in 2021, which might suggest that the social media strategy was less effective or that the festival faced more competition for online attention in 2023.
+ The national TV and news outlets were involved in promoting the 2023 festival. This suggests continued effort to leverage multiple broadcasting channels.

4. Chapei Festival and Chapei Laureate
The Department of Performing Arts Theater, supported by the Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts, hosted the Chapei Festival under the themes "Youth for National Culture" in 2021 and "Culture of Peace" in 2023. The festival attracted significant participation, with 1,300 participants in 2021 and 1,200 participants in 2023. These events aimed to showcase the rich cultural heritage of Cambodia, particularly through the performance of Chapei Dang Veng. By focusing on themes like national culture and peace, the festival provided a platform for young people to engage with and promote their cultural traditions, fostering a sense of pride and unity.

5. Chapei Dang Veng Instruments
The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts has proactively engaged with Chapei Dang Veng experts by organizing meetings to discuss strategies for promoting the Chapei instruments. Additionally, many students may not be able to afford the traditional instruments required for learning Chapei Dang Veng. The Ministry's support in providing Chapei instruments ensures that students can continue their studies without this financial barrier. A total of 50 Chapei instruments have been contributed to learners and players.

6. Promoting Research and Documentation
Chapei Dang Veng communities, association and individuals have carried out their own research and compilation, contributing to the MCFA:
- Chapei Dang Veng's Music: Loung Voha Sem and Pirom Brach Chhoun by Chhoeurn Veasna and Prof. Ing Sovann.
- Chapei Dang Veng Thesis by RUFA students.
- Chapei Dang Veng Literacy Book by the Community of Living Chapei.
- Video content:
+ Seb Mon Song History by So Saran.
+ Know ten is not equal to one expert by Master Pin Chheun Choa Momson.
+ "Chapei Dang Veng: What benefits and responsibilities come with carrying on this musical heritage? As explored by Suvannaduon and Peang Pi.
+ Chapei Khmer by ABA bank and Princess Janna, Thana, and Sok Kia to celebrate Chapei Dang Veng listed to list of ICH.
+ Chapei basic book and melody by the Community of Living Chapei.
+ Other National day celebration videos.

7. Secondary School of Fine Arts
The Chapei Dang Veng subject was reopened at the Secondary School of Fine Arts, signaling a renewed effort to teach and preserve this important cultural tradition. However, it appears that there was little initial interest. In 2021, 3 students registered for the Chapei Dang Veng subject. Currently, there are only 2 students in their third year of study, which indicates a further decline in enrolment. The small number of students raises questions about the long-term sustainability of the program.

8.Monitoring and Evaluation
Regular monitoring and evaluation are conducted to assess the effectiveness of safeguarding measures. This involves collecting data on the number of active practitioners, the frequency of performances, and public interest in Chapei. The findings from these evaluations inform future strategies and interventions.

B.3.c.

Participation de communautés, de groupes ou d'individus aux activités de sauvegarde

Veuillez décrire de quelle manière les communautés, les groupes ou, le cas échéant, les individus ainsi que les organisations non gouvernementales pertinentes ont participé de façon effective à l'exécution des mesures de sauvegarde, y compris en termes de rôles du genre. Décrivez le rôle joué par l'organisation ou l'organe chargé de l'exécution (dénomination, informations de référence, etc.) et les ressources humaines qui ont été mises à disposition pour la mise en œuvre des activités de sauvegarde.

Participation of communities, groups or individuals in the safeguarding activities

The safeguarding of Chapei Dang Veng has been a collective effort involving communities, Chapei players, private entities, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). This collaborative approach, with contributions from diverse groups, is crucial for preserving, promoting, and revitalizing this significant element of Cambodian cultural heritage. Here's a breakdown of key participants and their roles:
Community-Based Initiatives:
• The Friend School of Music: Launched a Chapei instrument class in 2020, providing online and offline learning platforms for students across Cambodia. Currently, two teachers instruct three students online.
• Community of Living Chapei (Phnom Penh): Led by Mr. Pich Sarat, this group implements a comprehensive approach through in-person and online training, performances, publications, and events. This community boasts fifteen teachers educating 202 students, including both genders and individuals from Cambodia and abroad.
• Ponlok Thmey Chapei Dang Veng Association (Phnom Penh): Offers training programs for students and local communities, encompassing playing skills, singing, and instrument making. Unique to this association is their collaboration with monks, ensuring Chapei Dang Veng remains embedded within the community structure and traditional practices. This fosters its spiritual and cultural significance. One teacher currently instructs fifty students, showcasing program inclusivity through male, female, local, and international participants. Their digital and in-person courses cater to diverse needs and schedules.
• Chapei Angkor Community (Siem Reap Province): Led by Master Meu Moeun, this community plays a vital role in national and international preservation efforts. Notably, Master Meu Moeun participated in the 7th Buriram Rajabhat International Conference and Cultural Festival in Thailand. Additionally, they collaborated with the Chapei Dang Veng Foundation to celebrate the instrument's inclusion on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. One teacher currently instructs five students, including a monk, a female student, and individuals from both Cambodia and abroad.
• Humanitarian Association for Khmer Culture (Kompong Speu Province): Established in 2023 under the leadership of Mien Sothea, a monk. Two teachers currently guide eight students, offering flexible schedules for students juggling studies and allowing open participation for interested individuals on weekends.
Innovative Collaboration:
• Rapper Vannda's Collaboration with Chapei Master Kong Nay: This collaboration exemplifies an innovative fusion of traditional and modern music. Their song "Time to Rise" (March 2021) featured Chapei Dang Veng played by Master Kong Nay, a legendary figure in the community. This bridges the gap between modern Cambodian music (rap) and traditional music (Chapei), making Chapei Dang Veng more relevant to younger audiences and international music lovers.
Implementing Organization:
The implementing organization responsible for leading the safeguarding efforts is the Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts (MCFA) in Cambodia. The Ministry provides human resources, including experts and staff, to manage the various activities described above.
This approach demonstrates a well-rounded strategy for safeguarding Chapei Dang Veng, with community engagement, educational initiatives, innovative collaborations, and support from the MCFA all playing crucial roles.

B.3.d.

Calendrier

Indiquez, sous forme de calendrier, les dates de mise en œuvre de chacune des activités.

Timetable

Please see the attached timetable in Annex 1

B.3.e.

Dépenses budgétaires

Veuillez fournir le détail des montants des fonds utilisés pour la mise en œuvre de chaque activité (si possible, en dollars des États-Unis), en indiquant dans chaque cas l’origine du financement (sources gouvernementales, contributions en nature des communautés, etc.).

Budget

Below is an outline of the budget expenditure for each activity from 2021-2024.

1. Update status of Chapei Artists (20,358 USD)
2. Education and Training (21,400 USD)
3. Broadcasting (social media and TV Show) (58,300 USD)
4. Chapei Festival and Chapei Laureate (34,110 USD)
5. Chapei Dang Veng Instruments (5,000 USD)
6. Promoting Research and Document (22,500 USD)
7. Secondary School of Fine Arts (16,800 USD)
8. Monitoring and Evaluation (6,400 USD)

Please see the attached budget expenditure in Annex 2.

B.3.f.

Efficacité globale des activités de sauvegarde

Procédez à une évaluation globale de l'efficacité des activités menées pour parvenir aux résultats escomptés et de l'utilisation des fonds nécessaires à leur mise en œuvre. Veuillez indiquer de quelles manières les activités ont contribué à l’obtention des résultats et si d'autres activités auraient été mieux adaptées à cette fin. Indiquez aussi si les mêmes résultats auraient pu être obtenus avec de moindres ressources financières, si les ressources humaines disponibles étaient appropriées et si les communautés, groupes et individus concernés auraient pu participer davantage.

Overall effectiveness of the safeguarding activities

The safeguarding activities implemented for Chapei Dang Veng have demonstrated significant effectiveness in preserving and promoting this cultural heritage. The collaborative efforts of the Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts, Chapei communities, and individual practitioners have yielded positive results.
Key Achievements:
• Enhanced Awareness and Appreciation: Through various initiatives, including festivals, workshops, and media coverage, Chapei Dang Veng has gained increased public recognition and appreciation, both domestically and internationally.
• Preservation of Traditional Knowledge and Skills: The training programs and master-apprentice relationships have ensured the transmission of traditional knowledge and skills to younger generations.
• Documentation and Research: Efforts to document Chapei's history, music theory, and performance practices have contributed to a deeper understanding of the tradition.
Innovation and Adaptation: The integration of Chapei into contemporary music, as seen in collaborations with popular artists, has helped to attract a younger audience and revitalize the tradition. Areas for Improvement:
While significant progress has been made, there are areas where further efforts are needed:
• Standardization of Training: Developing a standardized curriculum for Chapei training can ensure consistency in the quality of instruction and the preservation of traditional techniques.
• Support for Emerging Artists: Providing more support, such as financial assistance and performance opportunities, to emerging Chapei artists can encourage their continued involvement in the tradition.
• Infrastructure Development: Investing in dedicated spaces for Chapei training, performances, and instrument making can create a more conducive environment for the practice and preservation of the art form.
• Digital Preservation: Expanding digital archiving efforts to preserve recordings, videos, and other digital materials can help safeguard Chapei for future generations.
Efficiency of Resource Utilization:
The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts has effectively allocated resources to support Chapei safeguarding activities. However, there is potential to optimize resource utilization through the following strategies:
• Strategic Partnerships: Collaborating with non-governmental organizations, private sector entities, and international partners can leverage additional resources and expertise.
• Capacity Building: Investing in the capacity building of local communities and organizations can empower them to take ownership of Chapei preservation efforts.
• Data-Driven Decision Making: Utilizing data and analytics to monitor the impact of safeguarding activities can help identify areas for improvement and optimize resource allocation.
Overall, the safeguarding activities for Chapei Dang Veng have been effective in preserving and promoting this important cultural heritage. The future of Chapei Dang Veng remains promising as long as we prioritize community engagement, innovation, collaboration, and address identified areas for improvement.

C. Mise à jour des mesures de sauvegarde

C.1.

Plan de sauvegarde mis à jour

Veuillez fournir une mise à jour du plan de sauvegarde inclus dans le dossier de candidature ou dans le précédent rapport. En particulier, veuillez donner des informations détaillées comme suit :

  1. a. Quels sont les objectifs principaux visés et les résultats concrets attendus ?
  2. b. Quelles sont les activités principales à mener pour atteindre ces résultats attendus ? Veuillez décrire les activités en détail et dans l'ordre d'exécution, en démontrant leur faisabilité.
  3. c. Comment le ou les États parties concernés soutiennent-ils la mise en œuvre du plan de sauvegarde mis à jour ?

Updated safeguarding plan

1. Update Status of Chapei Players
• Comprehensive Documentation: Continue to monitor and document the activities of active Chapei players, particularly focusing on those who continue to teach and perform in the community.
• Recognition and Support: Ensure that Chapei players, especially those in rural areas, receive the recognition they deserve and have access to resources, such as grants or performance opportunities, to continue their work.

2. Education and Training
• Create Training Workshops and Instruct Trainers:
o Establish Chapei Dang Veng workshops aimed at both performance and instrument-making skills.
o Train Chapei instructors to ensure that knowledge is effectively passed down and future generations can learn from the best.
o Rent a Location for Training: Identify and rent venues, such as community centers or cultural halls, where the workshops can be held regularly, providing a consistent space for learning and practice.
• Create Chapei Dang Veng Classes in the Community:
o Partner with local communities to offer Chapei Dang Veng classes, engaging local Chapei masters as instructors.
o Course Division: Training in Chapei Dang Veng performance skills and in Chapei Dang Veng instrument-making skills.
o Student Performances and Joint Community Performances:
 Organize community performances every six months where students can showcase their progress.
 Organize an annual joint performance at the provincial level, allowing students from various regions to demonstrate their skills and the overall growth of the program.
• Incorporate Chapei Dang Veng Curriculum in Schools: Work with educational authorities to incorporate Chapei Dang Veng into the public-school curriculum, particularly in secondary schools and high school, with a minimum of one semester per year dedicated to this art form.
• The Chapei Dang Veng classes are designed to train students in the skills necessary to become professional Chapei Dang Veng musicians, an important part of Cambodia’s musical and cultural heritage. The classes help ensure the transmission of this unique art form to future generations, fostering both technical proficiency and a deeper appreciation for Cambodian culture.

3. Broadcasting and Public Engagement
• Produce Videos for social media: Create and promote educational content, such as videos about Chapei instrument-making, performances, and student outcomes. These can be shared on platforms like TV, radio, Facebook, YouTube, and other social media platforms.
• Conduct Presentations and Workshops: Schedule regular public presentations and workshops in schools (both public and private) and community centers, ensuring broad access to Chapei education.
• Chapei Dang Veng Activities: Encourage Chapei players to host their own public performances and educational events to reach a wider audience and build local interest.
• Promotional Content: Work with Chapei Dang Veng players and students to create promotional content that showcases their skills and draws attention to their playeric contributions.

4. Chapei Festival and Chapei Laureate
• Continue to organize the Chapei Dang Veng Festival: Host an Chapei Dang Veng Festival, bringing together players, students, and the public to celebrate the tradition and showcase talent. This could include performances, workshops, and exhibitions.
• Chapei Laureate: Establish an award system recognizing outstanding Chapei players, honoring those who have made significant contributions to the art form.

5. Chapei Dang Veng Instruments
• Instrument Making and Preservation: Ensure that the craft of making Chapei instruments is not lost and offer workshops and support for instrument makers who specialize in creating and maintaining Chapei Dang Veng.
• Instrument Access: Chapei instruments can be provided at a subsidized rate or donated to emerging players and students in need.

6. Research and Documentation
• Collecting Documents for Teaching: Create a repository for teaching materials, lesson plans, and resources that document the processes of Chapei education and instrument-making.
• Produce Videos of Chapei Dang Veng Masters: Film and archive interviews, performances, and instructional sessions with Chapei Dang Veng masters to document their expertise for future generations.
• Create a Documentary Film: Develop a comprehensive documentary film that features Living Human Treasures, Chapei Masters, and their performances across Cambodia. This could highlight the significance of Chapei Dang Veng in various regions and serve as a lasting record of its preservation.
• Research on Regional Variations and Evolution: Conduct research on regional variations and the evolution of Chapei Dang Veng across different generations.

7. Policy Development
• Integration of Chapei Dang Veng into the national cultural policy, with specific frameworks for its protection and promotion.
• Development of legal frameworks to protect the intellectual property rights of Chapei Dang Veng performers and composers.

8. Monitoring and Evaluation
• Regular Assessment: Monitor the progress of safeguarding activities and evaluate their effectiveness.
• Feedback Mechanisms: Establish feedback mechanisms to gather input from stakeholders, including Chapei players, communities, and audiences.
• Data Collection and Analysis: Collect data on the number of active Chapei players, the frequency of performances, and public interest to inform future strategies.

C.2.

Calendrier des activités à venir

Veuillez fournir un calendrier du plan de sauvegarde mis à jour (sur une période d’environ quatre ans).

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Timetable

Please see the attached timetable in Annex 3.

C.3.

Budget des activités à venir

Veuillez fournir les estimations des fonds requis pour la mise en œuvre du plan de sauvegarde actualisé (si possible, en dollars des États-Unis), en identifiant les ressources disponibles (sources gouvernementales, contributions en nature des communautés, etc.)

Budget

Below is an outline of the budget expenditure for each activity from 2024-2028.

1. Update status of Chapei players (20,358 USD)
2. Education and Training (21,400 USD)
3. Broadcasting and Public Engagement (58,300 USD)
4. Chapei Festival and Chapei Laureate (36,510 USD)
5. Chapei Dang Veng Instruments (5,000 USD)
6. Promoting Research and Document (13,600 USD)
7. Policy Development (23,500 USD)
8. Monitoring and Evaluation (6,400 USD)

Please see the attached budget for future actives, Annex 4.

C.4.

Participation des communautés

Veuillez décrire comment les communautés, groupes et individus ainsi que les organisations non gouvernementales pertinentes ont été impliqués, y compris en termes de rôles du genre, dans la mise à jour du plan de sauvegarde et comment ils seront impliqués dans sa mise en œuvre.

00039

Community participation

The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts has actively engaged Chapei players, masters, communities, and non-governmental organizations in updating the safeguarding plan for Chapei Dang Veng through both formal and informal consultations. This inclusive approach ensures that the plan is comprehensive and tailored to the specific needs of the Chapei community.

The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts consistently provides financial support to the Chapei Dang Veng Foundation for organizing the Chapei Festival, as well as equipment to Chapei Angkor for teaching Chapei within the community.

Shopping malls like Aeon and Chip Mong play a significant role as cultural spaces, helping to promote the Chapei and other art forms.

The Community of Living Chapei has taken a significant step by developing a structured teaching framework for Chapei. Their video productions, which focus on national holidays and engaging youth, are a testament to their innovative approach to preserving and promoting this art form.

The Chapei Angkor Community continues to contribute to the training of Chapei Dang Veng skills and expand additional classes, planning to collaborate with the Siem Reap Provincial Department of Culture and Fine Arts, providing opportunities for students in the community to participate in various programs.

Ponlok Thmey Chapei Dang Veng Association always encourages heritage owners such as: providing funds, Chapei instruments, food, and helping to teach the poor who lack funds, continuing to produce short songs, cross-over songs, and publish them, creating activities such as recording, displaying, or meeting for group entertainment, going to provinces, tourist areas, pagodas, teacher appreciation events, or national traditional festivals.

The Khmer Humanity Association, Kompong Speu Chapter, has focused on introducing Chapei to students at various levels, from villages to provinces. By conducting demonstrations in schools, they are fostering a new generation of Chapei enthusiasts.

Individual Chapei players such as Tep Voha El Pech, San Soen, In Saren, Non Sok, Lot Sokkea, Sin Soy, Peang Pi, and Sary Sila have made invaluable contributions to the preservation of Chapei Dang Veng. Their participation in festivals and village performances has helped to maintain the art form's cultural relevance.

Community Involvement in Implementation:
• Active Participation in Training Programs: Communities can actively participate in training programs, both as learners and as instructors.
• Organization of Local Performances and Festivals: Communities can organize local performances and festivals to showcase Chapei and engage the public.
• Preservation of Traditional Knowledge: Communities can document and preserve oral traditions, techniques, and historical information related to Chapei.
• Collaboration with Schools and Educational Institutions: Communities can work with schools to integrate Chapei into the curriculum, ensuring its continuity.
• Advocacy and Awareness-Raising: Communities can advocate for the importance of Chapei and raise awareness through social media, local media, and public events.
Key Challenges and Opportunities:
A key challenge highlighted by Chapei players is the declining number of learners, particularly among younger generations. This underscores the need for continued efforts to attract and engage young people in learning and practicing this traditional art form.
To address this challenge, the following strategies can be implemented:
• Innovative Approaches to Teaching and Learning: Explore innovative teaching methods, such as incorporating technology and multimedia, to make Chapei learning more engaging for young people.
• Collaborations with Contemporary Artists: Collaborate with contemporary musicians and artists to create new and exciting interpretations of Chapei, appealing to a wider audience.

C.5.

Contexte institutionnel

Veuillez indiquer quelles institutions sont en charge de la gestion locale et de la sauvegarde de l'élément inscrit sur la Liste de sauvegarde urgente, notamment :

  1. a. l'(les) organisme(s) compétent(s) impliqué(s) dans sa gestion et/ou sa sauvegarde ;
  2. b. l'(les) organisation(s) de la communauté ou du groupe concernée(s) par l'élément et sa sauvegarde.

2006-06-13

Institutional context

The Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts is the primary government body responsible for the overall management and safeguarding of Chapei Dang Veng. This ministry oversees the implementation of policies, regulations, and initiatives related to cultural heritage preservation.

Educational Institutions such as the Royal University of Fine Arts (RUFA) play a crucial role in the formal education and training of Chapei players. RUFA has incorporated Chapei Dang Veng into its curriculum, offering both elective and specialized courses.

Community-based organizations and individual practitioners also contribute significantly to the safeguarding of Chapei Dang Veng. These groups organize workshops, performances, and other cultural events to promote and preserve the tradition.

Provincial Departments of Culture and Fine Arts play a vital role in supporting Chapei at the local level. They organize cultural events, provide resources, and facilitate collaborations between communities and artists.

By working together, these institutions and individuals ensure the continued vitality and transmission of Chapei Dang Veng to future generations.

D. Participation des communautés à l'établissement du présent rapport

Décrivez les mesures qui ont été prises pour assurer la plus large participation possible des communautés, des groupes et, le cas échéant, des individus ainsi que des organisations non gouvernementales pertinentes concernés pendant la préparation du présent rapport.

Participation of communities in preparing this report

To ensure the widest possible participation of communities, groups, and individuals concerned with Chapei Dang Veng, a series of consultative workshops were held. These workshops provided a platform for stakeholders to share their insights, challenges, and recommendations for the preservation of this intangible cultural heritage.
Key Activities:
• Workshop Organization: Two workshops were organized (29 September 2024 and 27 November 2024) to gather input from a diverse range of stakeholders, including relevant government bodies, NGOs, public education institutions, Chapei players, community members, and cultural experts.
• Participant Engagement: Participants were actively encouraged to share their experiences, knowledge, and perspectives on the current state of Chapei Dang Veng.
• Data Collection: Information was collected on various aspects of Chapei, such as its history, traditions, challenges, and future prospects.
• Consensus Building: Discussions were facilitated to build consensus among stakeholders on key issues and priorities for safeguarding Chapei Dang Veng.
Key Outcomes:
• Identification of Challenges: Participants identified key challenges facing Chapei Dang Veng, including the decline in interest among younger generations and the lack of adequate support for practitioners.
• Development of Recommendations: The workshops generated valuable recommendations for addressing these challenges, such as the need for increased investment in education and training, public awareness campaigns, and community-based initiatives.
• Strengthening Community Networks: The workshops provided an opportunity for Chapei practitioners and communities to network and collaborate on future projects.
By involving a wide range of stakeholders in the report preparation process, the Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts has ensured that the document accurately reflects the current state of Chapei Dang Veng and the needs of the community. This participatory approach will contribute to the effective implementation of safeguarding measures and the long-term preservation of this valuable cultural heritage.

E. Signature au nom de l'État partie

Le rapport doit être signé par un responsable habilité à le signer pour le compte de l’État, avec la mention de son nom, de son titre et de la date de soumission.

Nom

Phoeurng Sackona

Titre

Minister

Date

13-12-2024

Signature

Chargement du rapport périodique signé

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