Grenada

Inscribed in 2024 (19.COM) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity

In Grenada, Shakespeare Mas’ combines elements of speechmaking, costume design and public theatre. Practitioners, called ‘kings’, compete against each other, reciting passages from Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, historical texts, Bible verses and rhetorical boasts meant to show their prowess with words and language. Incorrect recitations are met with a symbolic lash on a padded headpiece for dramatic effect. An integral part of Carriacou’s annual Carnival celebrations, Shakespeare Mas’ may reflect an imitation of the colonial classroom. The Grenadine island engages with the masquerade as a form of social cohesion that unites Carriacouans in a celebration of culture, artistic creativity and national identity. Traditionally, it was an honour for a father to pass his skills on to his son or male family members. Skills were also obtained by observing and mimicking players in the community. The practice now includes women and girls and is transmitted through school curricula and other organized activities. Socially, Shakespeare Mas’ bonds villagers together. Culturally, it ensures the longevity and transmission of this 100-year-old practice that rose from the diverse cultures forcibly brought together under the conditions of slavery. Carriacouan pride is exhibited each year when the different communities compete and celebrate the victories of their so-called kings.